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Original

Association Among Outcomes in a Naturalistic Statewide Assessment of Substance User Treatment

, Ph.D., , M.D., , B.S. &
Pages 1215-1234 | Published online: 26 Aug 2004
 

Abstract

Substance user treatment outcome measurement is important for research and policy questions, yet little literature has addressed the relationships among outcome measures of treatment success. Ideally, treatment outcomes would correlate to at least a moderate degree. The Iowa Department of Public health requires substance user treatment programs receiving public funds to provide client information. Demographic information, “substance abuse” history, current use, arrests, and hospitalizations were ascertained at admission and a 6-month follow-up for 1374 clients (from January 1999 to December 2000). Abstinence, arrests, and hospitalizations were good outcome measures of substance user treatment success. Reduction in frequency of use was negatively associated with arrests, substance use-related hospitalizations, and increased income. Full-time employment at follow-up produced different results depending on the client's sex. However, all associations among outcomes were modest. Specificity may be reasonable in some instances; however, other situations might require a broad-spectrum approach that ideally would produce a wide range of benefits.

Resumen

La medida de las variables resultantes del tratamiento para el abuso de sustancias es importante tanto para las preguntas concernientes a la investigación como para aquéllas de establecimiento de políticas institucionales. Hasta el momento escasa literatura ha establecido la relación entre las variables resultantes del éxito del tratamiento. Idealmente, el resultado del tratamiento debería correlacionarse al menos en un grado moderado con las variables resultantes del mismo.

El departamento de Salud Pública de Iowa requiere que los programas de tratamiento para el abuso de sustancias que reciben fondos públicos den información sobre sus usuarios. La información demográfica, la historia de abuso de sustancias, el uso corriente de sustancias, los arrestos y las hospitalizaciones fueron registradas durante la admisión al tratamiento y luego de seis meses de seguimiento para 1.374 usuarios.

Abstinencia, arrestos y hopitalizaciones son buenas medidas del éxito del tratamiento. La reducción de la frecuencia de uso está asociada negativamente con los arrestos, con el número de hospitalizaciones relacionadas con el uso de sustancias y con un alto ingreso. La posesión de un empleo de tiempo completo durante el seguimiento produce diferentes resultados que dependen del sexo del usuario. Sin embargo, todas la asociaciones con el ingreso fueron modestas. La especificidad puede ser razonable en ciertas instancias; sin embargo, otras situaciones pueden requerir un enfoque de espectro más amplio que produciría, idealmente, una gama más vasta de beneficios.

Résumé

Le mesurage des variables résultantes du traitement de l’abus de substances est important non seulement pour les questions posées par la recherche, mais aussi pour celles des politiques institutionnelles. Jusqu’au moment la littérature adressant le rapport entre les variables résultantes du traitement et le success du traitement n’est pas abondant. Idéalement, les variables résultantes du traitement devraient être associées au moins d’une façon moderée.

Le Département de la Santé Publique d’Iowa oblige aux programmes recevants de fonds publiques à faciliter l’information des utilisateurs du programme. L’information démographique, l’histoire d’abus de substances, l’use courant de substances, les arrestations, et les hospitalisations ont été registrés à l’entrée du traitement et après six mois pour 1.374 sujets.

L’abstinence, les arrestations et les hospitalisations sont des bons indicateurs du success du traitement d’abuse de substances. La réduction de la fréquence d’utilisation de substances a été négativement associée avec les ârrets, avec les hospitalisations liées à l’use des substances et avec un revenu augmenté. L’emploi à plein temps après six mois du traitement a produit des résultats différents qui dépendent du sexe des sujets. Pourtant, toutes les associations entre les variables résultantes ont été modestes. La spécificité pourrait être raisonnable dans quelques instances; mais, des situations différentes pourraient avoir besoin d’un approche à plus grande échelle, ce qui produirait, idéalement, une gamme plus vaste de bénéfices.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Stephan Arndt

Dr. Arndt is professor in the departments of Psychiatry and Biostatistics at the University of Iowa. He is Director of the Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation. His research interests include substance abuse and methodology/statistics in the biobehavioral sciences.

Donald W. Black

Dr. Black is professor of psychiatry at the University of Iowa Roy J, and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City. He is a consultant to the Iowa Department of Corrections. His research has focused on compulsive and impulsive behaviors, and severe personality disorders.

Amy Schmucker

Amy Schmucker earned her Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Iowa in 1999. She is a Program Assoiciate at the Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation. She has coordinated the programmatic aspects of the State Incentives Grant project since it began in October, 2001. Her experience includes data collection instrument design, data collection management, database training, interviewing agency staff, and evaluation report writing.

Janet Zwick

Janet K. Zwick is Director, Division of Health Promotion, Prevention, and Addictive Behaviors and Division Of Tobacco Prevention Use And Control, Iowa Department of Public Health. She is chief administrator/health systems advisor with more than 20 years experience in leadership roles in substance abuse treatment and prevention and within public health settings.

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