New therapeutic perspectives on protein-bound uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease

Abstract

The uremic syndrome is a complex mosaic of clinical alterations that may be attributable to one or more of these different solutes. Uremic symptoms in patients with chronic kidney disease are primarily a consequence of inadequate removal and subsequent accumulation of organic products normally metabolized or excreted by the kidney.

Keywords::

• AST-120
• chronic kidney disease
• indoxyl sulfate
• uremic toxins

Declaration of interest

The authors state no conflict of interest and have received no payment in preparation of this manuscript.