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Abstract
This article covers the latest contributions of proteomics to the structural and functional characterization of proteasomes and their associated proteins, but also to the detection of proteasomes as clinical biomarkers in diseases. Proteasomes are highly heterogenous supramolecular complexes and constitute important cellular proteases controlling the pool of proteins involved in key cellular functions. The comprehension of the structure/function relationship of proteasomes is therefore of major interest in biology. Numerous biochemical methods have been employed to purify proteasomes, and have led to the identification of complexes of various compositions – depending on the experimental conditions and the type of strategy used. In association with protein separation and enrichment techniques, modern mass spectrometry instruments and mass spectrometry-based quantitative methods, they have led to unprecedented breakthroughs in the in-depth analysis of the diversity and dynamics of proteasome composition and localization under various stimuli or pathological contexts. Proteasome inhibitors are now used in clinics for the treatment of cancer, and recent studies propose that the proteasome should be considered as a predictive biomarker for various pathologies.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.