Relationship Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome Based on Propensity Score Matching in Xinjiang, China

Abstract

Purpose

The role of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. This investigation focused on the effect of iAs exposure on MetS and whether the results are consistent in different subgroups.

Patients and Methods

The present study was conducted on 629 men and 616 women aged 35–70 years and living in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was adopted to regulate the confounding factors, and the multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between urinary iAs and MetS.

Results

The median content of urinary iAs was examined as 2.20 μg/dL (interquartile range: 1.30–3.20 μg/dL), and the MetS prevalence reached 23.69% (295 cases/950 participants). After the confounding factors were adjusted, the ORs (95% CIs) for MetS from the minimal to the maximum urinary iAs quartiles reached 1.171 (0.736,1.863), 1.568 (1.008, 2.440) and 2.011 (1.296, 3.120), respectively (referencing 1.00) (P for trend=0.001). After the PSM, the urinary iAs content still plays a potential prediction role in MetS (P for trend=0.011). In addition, as revealed from the subgroup analysis, the urinary iAs content was a predictor of MetS in the female patients, whereas it did not serve as a significant predictor of MetS in the male patients (P for interaction<0.05).

Conclusion

The increased urinary iAs content was associated with the increased prevalence of MetS in Chinese population. More attention should be paid to female urinary iAs content to avoid the high prevalence of MetS.

Keywords:

• metabolic syndrome
• urinary inorganic arsenic
• propensity score matching
• subgroup analysis

Ethical Approval and Considerations

The project was reviewed and approved by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. After explaining the objectives and protocols of the study, written informed consent and verbal consent were obtained from all the participants. In addition, we followed the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.

Acknowledgments

This work was funded by State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia Fund (SKL-HIDCA-2020-9), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 72163033, 72064036, 72174175) and the Natural science funding of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2021D01A21), China.

Disclosure

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.