Analysis of Blood Pressure and Ventilation Efficiency in Different Types of Obesity Aged 40–60 Years by Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test

Abstract

Purpose

This study investigated blood pressure and ventilation efficiency by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) in different types of obesity aged 40–60 years.

Material and Methods

The inclusion criteria of this cross-sectional study were adults aged 40–60 years underwent health checks. CPX was measured according to the relevant standards. According to different body mass index (BMI), there were 3 groups, BMI<24 (kg/m²), 24≤BMI<28 (kg/m²) and BMI≥28 (kg/m²). There were two groups in male, waist circumference≥90 (cm) and waist circumference<90 (cm). Similarly, there were two groups in female, waist circumference≥85 (cm) and waist circumference<85 (cm).

Results

There were 543 individuals (64.6% male and 35.4% female) aged 40–60 years in this study. The resting blood pressure (BP) and peak BP have the significant differences in different BMI groups (p < 0.001) and male or female groups (p < 0.001). However, the resting DBP (77.70±9.45 vs 81.16±8.80, p < 0.001) and peak DBP (85.67±10.21 vs 89.03±9.94, p = 0.002) have the significant differences in different male waist circumference groups, and the resting BP (SBP 113.76±14.29 vs 121.86±15.54, p = 0.001, DBP 71.95±10.83 vs 77.27±11.42, p = 0.005) has the significant differences in different female waist circumference groups. Carbon dioxide Ventilation equivalent (VE/VCO₂) has the significant differences in different male waist circumference groups (26.84±3.10 vs 27.68±2.93, p = 0.009), but it has not the significant differences in different BMI groups and different female waist circumference groups. The oxygen pulse (VO₂/HR) is slightly higher in female group than male group (0.93±0.15 vs 0.89±0.15, p = 0.001). Breathing reserve has the statistical significance in BMI ≥28 group compared with the BMI <24 group (0.52±0.13 vs 0.46±0.17, ηp²=0.021).

Conclusion

We found that the blood pressure and ventilation efficiency of CPX were different between the obesity and normal. This will provide a basis for accurate cardiopulmonary assessment of obesity.

Keywords:

• resting blood pressure
• peak blood pressure
• carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent
• central obesity

Acknowledgments

We thank all study participants for their cooperation.

Disclosure

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1704400).