Atopic Allergy and Otitis Media with Effusion

Abstract

To investigate the possible role of type 1 allergy in OME, the immunoglobulin E (IgE) content was determined in 58 middle ear effusions and matched sera, obtained from children with otitis media with effusion (OME). The IgE levels were assayed for IgE by the Phadebas paper radio immunosorbent test (PRIST). Eight cases (14%) showed elevated serum IgE levels, such that an atopic disorder was very likely. However, in nearly all cases the effusion/serum ratio (E/S) was less than one, showing a higher IgE level in the serum than in the effusion. A modified PAP technique for determining surface IgE on mast cells is presented. Positive results were obtained on nasal mucosa specimens in atopic patients with OME but further research on middle ear mucosa in OME is needed. Our results fail to support the concept of type 1 allergy as a major causative factor in OME.