Acoustic characteristics of snoring according to obstruction site determined by sleep videofluoroscopy

Abstract

Conclusion: Acoustic characteristics of snoring sound, such as pitch and formant, differed according to the site of upper airway obstruction determined by sleep videofluoroscopy (SVF). Snoring sound analysis can complement determination of the site of obstruction in snoring and sleep apnea patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acoustic characteristics of snoring according to obstruction site determined by SVF. Methods: Ninety patients who underwent simultaneous snoring sound recording during SVF were included in this study. Acoustic parameters of snoring such as pitch (min, mean, max) and formant (1,2) were analyzed. Site of obstruction was determined by SVF and classified according to anatomic structure and level of obstruction. Results: Mean value of peak frequency showed significant difference between soft palate and isolated tongue base or epiglottis obstruction and combined obstruction involving soft palate and tongue base or epiglottis. Peak frequency of velopharyngeal obstruction showed difference only with hypopharyngeal obstruction. First formant showed similar results in the structure classification whereas velopharyngeal obstruction showed significant difference compared with other levels of obstruction. Other parameters (intensity, jitter, shimmer) did not show significance according to site of obstruction.

Keywords::

• Sound
• sleep apnea
• velopharyngeal obstruction
• hypopharyngeal obstruction

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.