Abstract
The concept of “treatment resistant depression” (TRD) has generally been defined in terms of failure to respond to a standard course of somatic therapy with little reference to diagnostic sub-types or relevant psychosocial factors. In this paper we examine problems with the use of the term “treatment resistant depression” and then outline an approach to TRD employed in an Australian mood disorders unit. After discussing the need for a biopsychosocial assessment, multimodal management strategies for melancholic and non-melancholic TRD patients are described.