Lack of Association of Helicobacter pylori Seroprevalence and Gastric Cancer in a Population with Low Gastric Cancer Incidence

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have suggested that infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: We examined the sera of 111 Caucasian patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer (36 with cancer of the cardia, 70 with cancer of the body or antrum, and 5 with stump carcinomas after Billroth-II procedures) and 111 age-matched controls with colorectal carcinomas for the presence of H. pylori IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 58.6% (65 of 111) in gastric cancer patients as compared with 50.5% (56 of 111) in matched control subjects (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 2.36). Carcinomas of the cardia were not linked to H. pylori infection (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.49 to 3.18), nor were carcinomas of the body and antrum (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 2.46), nor diffuse or intestinal-type carcinomas (odds ratios, 1.79 and 1.0; 95% confidence intervals, 0.69 to 4.67 and 0.34 to 2.91, respectively). Age, sex, and height of the IgG immune response did not affect risk. Conclusions: In contrast to previous results, these data do not provide evidence that the contribution of H. pylori infection to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer is of major significance in a population with low gastric cancer rates and with high socioeconomic status.

Key Words:

• Enzyme-linked immunoassay
• gastric cancer
• Helicobacter pylori
• serum IgG antibodies