Abstract
The effect of smoking on sperm concentration, motility, and zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay (SPA) was evaluated in 293 smokers of more than 10 cigarettes/day and 382 nonsmokers. Prerequisites for inclusion in the study were sperm concentration of > 10 × 106/ml, sperm motility of >30%, and normal morphology of >60%. Although a lower sperm concentration was found in smokers, no significant difference was observed in sperm motility and SPA.