Heat shock protein 72 protects insulin-secreting beta cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress

Abstract

Purpose: Hyperthermia-induced activation of stress response proteins allows cells to withstand metabolic insults. In this study we set out to determine whether insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells was affected by the acute inflammatory response, systemic inflammation-induced hyperglycaemia, and whole-body hyperthermia. Given that systemic-inflammation induces ER stress, we further examined whether hyperthermia can attenuate the extent of LPS-induced ER stress.

Materials and methods: Rats were randomised and divided into three treatment groups. Control rats received a 0.9% NaCl solution. Rats in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group received 7.5 mg of LPS/kg. Rats in the whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) + LPS group were exposed to 42 °C for 15 min, followed by injection with 7.5 mg of LPS/kg after 48 h. Glucose-potentiated insulin release and extent of ER stress were measured in beta cells.

Results: LPS inhibited glucose-induced insulin release from islet cells and induced the expression of Bip/GRP78, XBP-1, and CHOP transcripts. The inhibition of glucose-induced insulin release and induction of ER stress proteins by LPS was attenuated by WBH.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that LPS-induced systemic inflammation decreased insulin release due to the effects of ER stress proteins on insulin secretion. Furthermore, the induction of ER stress proteins was prevented by pretreating rats with WBH. This may suggest that inhibiting the induction of ER stress proteins through WBH can restore insulin release in various disease states.

• inflammation
• glucose metabolism
• endoplasmic reticulum stress
• heat shock response