Development of a modelled anatomical replica for training young neurosurgeons

Abstract

Introduction. The Modelled Anatomical Replica for Training Young Neurosurgeons (MARTYN) is a novel simulation model developed by the Royal College of Surgeons England (RCSEng). This study describes the development of the model and aims to determine its feasibility as a potential future training tool. Methods and materials. Traditional model-making methods were used to develop a prototype. Initial procedural trials tested the feasibility of the model. Eighteen participants, grouped by experience (nine novices, four intermediates and five experienced), completed two tasks: a craniotomy and a burr hole followed by insertion of an external ventricular drain (EVD). Subjective data on confidence, usefulness, realism and preference to other training modalities were collected via a standardised questionnaire and a 5-point Likert scale. Results. Preliminary trials of the model prototype demonstrated feasibility. The novice group had the greatest self-reported benefit from MARTYN training, with significant increases in self-rated confidence in both the craniotomy (p < 0.01) and EVD insertion (p < 0.05) procedures. MARTYN was reported to having good visual and tactile realism overall with the bone component being considered highly realistic. The model was reported to be a useful training tool. When asked to rank preferred training modalities, operative experience was chosen first with cadaveric training and MARTYN consistently scoring a second choice. Conclusions. MARTYN was developed with the intention to fill the current niche for an inexpensive synthetic model head. This study shows that the use of MARTYN for training is both feasible and realistic. We demonstrate a preliminary face and construct validity of the model in this pilot study. With the reduction in working hours, we believe this model will be a suitable supplement to the current ST 1–3 level cadaveric training and will have a positive impact on patient safety.

Keywords::

• model
• neurosurgery
• simulation
• training

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to give special thanks to Mr Mark Wilson who provided expert feedback on the Model development for the Head Injury Course and subsequent public engagement events.

Declaration of interest: C Craven, M Cooke and L Carline manufactured the models. At the time of development the authors were employees or volunteers at the RCSEng. Material costs for model development were funded by the RCSEng. The authors report no personal or financial interest in any of the materials or devices described in this article.