Abstract
The clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by general symptoms such as fatigue, loss of weight, and fever, by cutaneous lesions such as facial erythema, by hematologic abnormalities such as leuko- and thrombocytopenia, and by organ involvement, e.g. of kidney and heart. Values of circulating immune complexes (CIC), complement consumption, and anti-ds-DNA antibody titer are generally used for monitoring disease activity (1-5). One single serological test by which disease activity can be reliable monitored is not yet available.