Abstract
The current study offers a comprehensive assessment of psychosocial functioning and academic performance in relation to circadian phase preference in a US sample of undergraduate college students (N = 838), aged 17–26 (M = 19.78, SD = 1.89). Women had greater morning preference than men, and seniors had greater morning preference than freshmen. Circadian phase preference, fatigue, perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and substance use were assessed cross-sectionally and grade point average (GPA) was assessed prospectively. Evening phase preference was related to higher levels of fatigue, alcohol and caffeine use, and worse academic performance than morning or intermediate phase preferences. (Author correspondence: [email protected])
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This article was the second author's undergraduate honors thesis at The University of North Texas. The authors thank especially Emily Grieser, PhD, Kristi Mannon, Susan Eve, PhD, and Gloria Cox, PhD, for their help with the manuscript.
Declaration of Interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.