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Abstract
Aims. To investigate the relationship of body mass index and serum adipokines with incidence of diabetes in men. Material and methods. Ten-year cohort study of a random population sample of 1011 men aged 35–69 years from the MONICA-Catalonia survey (1986–1988). WHO-MONICA protocol and the US Hispanic NHANES diabetes questionnaire were applied. Fasting serum glucose and lipids were measured by enzymatic methods, adipokines and insulin by Luminex xMAP technology,and hs-CRP by nephelometry in stored baseline samples (–80°C). Type2 diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or diagnosed diabetes. Incident diabetes was defined as absence of these criteria at baseline but presence at re-examination. Cox regression analysis was used. Results. Incidence of diabetes (n = 85) was 10.3/1000 person-years, increasing significantly with BMI but decreasing by quartiles of adiponectin. Incidence increased above median BMI and glucose (45.3/1000 person-years, OR = 19.97). Log-adiponectin associated with reduced risk of diabetes after multivariate adjustment (HR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.72), with significant modification of this effect by baseline glycaemia. C-reactive protein was not a significant factor. Leptin lost strength when adjusted for BMI. Conclusions. In a population with relatively high diabetes incidence, BMI and glucose were strong risk factors, while adiponectin protected against diabetes, especially in men with high glycaemic level.
Acknowledgements
The MONICA-Catalonia survey and the follow-up were funded by the Catalonia Department of Health. The ADIPOCAT study was funded by CIBEROBN CB06/03 (to L.B.), SAF 2006 - 10091 and SAF2010 - 16549 (to L.B.), Lilly Foundation (to L.B.), FIS-PI10/01115 (to T.P.), and Fundación ‘Jesús Serra’. We acknowledge the contribution to field data collection of Ana Rodés and José M. Borrás (first survey), Guillermo Paluzie and Teresa Puig (re-examination survey), Luisa Balañá (both surveys), and to laboratory determinations of Juan Antonio Gómez Gerique (lipids, glucose) and Francisco Javier Rodríguez (hormones).
Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest.