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Abstract
Background. Dysfunction of adipose tissue is one of the major factors leading to insulin resistance. Altered adipokine concentration is an early sign of adipose tissue dysfunction. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of exercise intervention on adipokine profile, glycemic control, and risk factors of the metabolic syndrome (MeS) in men with impaired glucose regulation (IGR).
Methods. Overweight and obese men with IGR (n =144) aged 40–65 years were studied at baseline and at 12 weeks in a randomized controlled multicenter intervention study. BMI varied from 25.1 to 34.9. The subjects were randomized into one of three groups: 1) a control group (C; n =47), 2) a Nordic walking group (NW; n =48), or 3) a resistance training group (RT; n =49).
Results. Leptin concentrations decreased in the NW group compared to both other groups. Both types of exercise intervention significantly decreased serum chemerin concentrations compared to the C group. In the NW group also body fat percentage, fatty liver index (FLI), and total and LDL cholesterol concentrations decreased compared to the RT group.
Conclusions. Nordic walking intervention seems to decrease chemerin and leptin levels, and subjects in this intervention group achieved the most beneficial effects on components of MeS.
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Mr Jouni Kettunen and Juha Pyyhtiä for excellent technical assistance especially in adipokine measurements, Senior lecturers Riitta Nikkonen and Marja Kelander for sampling and clinical chemistry students guidance, Johanna Kurtti MSc, Johanna Mäkelä MSc, and Päivi Peltomäki MSc for dietary analysis, all other students from Turku University of Applied Sciences participating in this study, and the physical education instructors for supervising and guiding the training.
Declaration of interest: The study was supported by grants from the Research Council for Physical Education and Sports, the Finnish Ministry of Education, and Turku University of Applied Sciences R&D program. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.