![Sample our Health and Social Care journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5938/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Health-Social-Care.jpg"})
Abstract
Introduction. Both short and long sleep duration may increase risk of type 2 diabetes (diabetes). We studied if short and long sleep durations were associated with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion in individuals without diabetes, and if the associations remained after we excluded individuals who reported more frequent and severe complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia.
Participants and methods. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for 722 adults without diabetes. Indices of IR and insulin secretion were calculated. Sleep duration and complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia were self-reported.
Results. In comparison to average sleepers (6–9 h/night), short sleepers (< 6 h/night) had higher 120-min insulin and AUC glucose, and long sleepers (≥ 9 h/night) had higher fasting and 120-min insulin, 120-min glucose, and HOMAIR and lower Insulin Sensitivity Index. After adjusting for confounders and after excluding individuals who reported more frequent and severe complaints of sleep apnea and insomnia, long sleep duration remained significantly associated with IR and insulin secretion.
Discussion. Long but not short sleep duration is associated with IR and insulin secretion in individuals without diabetes whether or not accompanied by sleep complaints. Long sleepers may benefit from targeted preventions and interventions that aim at reducing risk of future diabetes.
Key words::
Acknowledgements
The PPP-Botnia study has been financially supported by grants from the Finnish Academy (grant numbers 263401 & 267882), the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Folkhälsan Research Foundation, Nordic Center of Excellence in Disease Genetics, Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation, Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, Foundation for Life and Health in Finland, Finnish Medical Society, the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, the Paavo Nurmi Foundation, the Perklén Foundation, the Ollqvist Foundation, and the Närpes Health Care Foundation. The study has also been supported by the Municipal Health Care Center and Hospital in Jakobstad, and Health Care Centers in Vasa, Närpes, and Korsholm. The skilful assistance of the Botnia Study Group is gratefully acknowledged. National Doctoral Programme of Psychology.
Declaration of interest: The authors (A.-J.P.; A.-K.P.; K.R.; T.T.; L.G.) declare no conflict of interest. Johan G. Eriksson has been a consultant for and served on advisory boards for MSD, BMS, AstraZeneca, Roche, Eli Lilly and NovoNordisk. Bo Isomaa has received lecture fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim, MSD, NovoNordisk, and AstraZeneca.