Benign monoclonal gammopathy-associated acute kidney injury: case report and literature review

Abstract

Background: Benign monoclonal gammopathy (MG) is an MG that is not accompanied by clinical manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia, such as multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, amyloidosis, or other related disorders. Benign MG can progress to malignancy, but seldom causes organ damage. Case report: We presented a case denied any underlying disease who visited our hospital as acute uremia syndrome. Laboratory data indicated renal failure and abnormal paraprotein in the serum and urine. Renal biopsy indicated acute tubular necrosis and cast in the renal tubule. The plasma cell counts were normal in his bone marrow biopsy. The patient had received maintenance hemodialysis for the irreversible renal failure. Conclusion: Benign MG might progress to malignancy or other related disorders in a risk of 1% per year. It also might cause secondary organ impairment, such as kidney.

Keywords:

• benign monoclonal gammopathy
• acute kidney injury
• cast