Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient of FSGS with heavy proteinuria

Abstract

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a neurological syndrome characterized by headache, seizures, and visual loss, often associated with an abrupt increase in blood pressure. It was first described by Hinchey and colleagues in 1996 when they described a case series. RPLS has been described in number of medical conditions, renal dysfunction being one of them. Prompt diagnosis and therapy with antihypertensives, anticonvulsants, removal of any offending medication, and treatment of associated disorder are essential because early treatment might prevent progression to irreversible brain damage. Here, we report a case of young man with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and heavy proteinuria, who developed classical, clinical, and neurological features of RPLS with complete recovery.

Keywords:

• reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome
• proteinuria
• focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
• seizures
• nephrotic syndrome