The proportion and metabolic effects of adiponectin multimeric isoforms in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis

Abstract

Adiponectin circulates at least in three major forms of oligomeric complexes in plasma: a low-molecular-weight (LMW) trimer, a middle-molecular-weight (MMW) hexamer, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin. Although it has been reported that adiponectin has the favorable metabolic properties for humans, the roles of these multimers in the patients with the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were unidentified. We determined the level of total and multimeric adiponectin in 71 patients with nondiabetic ESRD treated with hemodialysis (HD) using a commercially available kit of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations between metabolic variables and total and multimeric adiponectin were examined by Spearman's correlations analysis. Forward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was also performed to determine the factors independently associated with them. Female patients had significantly higher total, HMW, and MMW levels than male patients did. According to homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), value was associated not only with HMW but also with MMW and LMW. In multivariate analyses, HMW showed independently and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body mass index (BMI), and sex as total adiponectin did. Unexpectedly, LMW adiponectin was independently and negatively correlated with TG and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Not only HMW adiponectin but also LMW adiponectin track with favorable metabolic effects in the patient with the ESRD.

Keywords:

• adiponectin
• low-molecular-weight trimer
• middle-molecular-weight hexamer
• high-molecular-weight multimer
• hemodialysis

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Daiichi Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan, for technical assistance with the ELISA system of adiponectin multimers. This study was supported in part by a grant for the Progressive Renal Research Projects from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan (to T.S.) and from the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology, Sports and Culture of Japan (to H.N., and T.S.).

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.