Ocular Findings in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease

Abstract

Purpose: This is a collaborative study from the ophthalmology and gastroenterology departments of a tertiary care hospital, designed to investigate the ocular features in patients with autoimmune liver disease (ALD).

Methods: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients with ALD, and 40 eyes of 20 controls with normal ocular findings were evaluated. Schirmer test, tear film break-up time, pachymetry, macular thickness with optic coherence tomography, and optic nerve head analysis with the HRT III were performed in addition to complete ophthalmologic examination.

Results: Of the 36 patients, 31 were female (86.1%) and 5 were male (13.9%). The average age of patients was 47.7 ± 13.3 years (21–76 years). Autoimmune hepatitis in 22 patients (61.1%), primary biliary cirrhosis in 10 patients (27.8%), and primary sclerosing cholangitis in 4 patients (11.1%) were detected as etiologic causes. Cataract was seen more often in the study group. Tear film break-up time and Schirmer test results were significantly lower in the study group than in the controls. Other parameters were not different from control group.

Conclusions: ALD showed a marked preponderance of females, with sex ratios of 6 females per male supportive to literature. The basal tear secretion and tear film stability are lower, and the dry eye symptoms are more common among the cases with ALD.

KEYWORDS::

• Autoimmune liver disease
• Break-up time
• Macular thickness
• Optic nerve head
• Pachymetry
• Schirmer test

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.