Late Lethal Events in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: a Review of 714 Patients Treated in a Single Centre

Abstract

Presence of late lethal events has been recognized as a complication in patients with malignant lymphoma. We reviewed 714 cases of patients treated during 1975–1995 with a long term follow-up (>4 years) in an attempt to identify all late events secondary to malignant lymphoma, either to the treatment or those which are unrelated. Forty-three patients died, and of these 21 (2.8%) were secondary to relapse and tumor progression; deaths associated with second neoplasm and cardiac events were increased 9.6 fold and 26.4 fold respectively compared to the general population. The risk factors for these complications did not differ from those in previous reports and included alkylating agents and/or radiotherapy for second neoplasms and anthracycline therapy and radiotherapy for cardiac toxicity. Moreover, 10 patients died secondary to non-related events. Nevertheless, at 10 years overall survival was 94% (95% confidence interval (CI): 82% to 98%) and event free survival was 97.1 % (95 % CI: 81 % to 98 %), for these patients.

Thus, second events, fatal in most cases, will be considered as an expected risk in the treatment of patients with malignant lymphoma. The proposed modifications of therapy many indeed be useful to avoid or diminish these complications in the future.

Key Words:

• malignant lymphoma
• second neoplasms
• late toxicity
• cardiac toxicity
• anthracyclines
• radiotherapy