Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia: An Increasing Problem in Patients with Acute Leukaemia

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (previously Pseudomonas maltophilia and Xanthomonas maltophilia) is an increasing problem as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients such as those with acute leukaemia. Infection is difficult to treat and eradicate due to its inherent and quickly acquired resistance to many antibiotics. Presentation with unusual cutaneous lesions is not uncommon and can present diagnostic difficulties. We present two cases which highlight the classical features of this infection in leukaemic patients, and discuss the need for early antibiotic treatment with regimens including cotrimoxazole, and the consideration of prompt central venous catheter removal.

Key Words:

• Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
• Leukaemia
• cutaneous lesions
• antibiotic resistance
• cotrimoxazole