Association between the severity of coronary artery stenosis and the combination of the difference in blood pressure between arms and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity

Abstract

Background: A difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥10 mmHg between the arms is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and mortality in high-risk patients. Methods and results: Four hundred and fourteen patients were divided into three groups according to the percent most severe luminal narrowing of a coronary artery as diagnosed by coronary computed tomography angiography: no or mild coronary stenosis (0–49%), moderate stenosis (50–69%) and severe stenosis (≥70%) groups. The relative difference in SBP between arms in the severe group was significantly lower than those in the no or mild and moderate groups. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) significantly increased as the severity of coronary stenosis increased. We confirmed that severe coronary stenosis was independently associated with both the relative difference in SBP between arms and baPWV, in addition to age, gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and ankle-brachial index by a logistic regression analysis. The group with a relative difference in SBP between arms of <1 mmHg and baPWV ≥ 1613 cm/s showed a higher percentage of patients with severe coronary stenosis than groups that met neither or only one of these criteria. Conclusion: The combination of the relative difference in SBP between arms and baPWV may be a more effective approach for the non-invasive assessment of the severity of CAD.

• Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
• coronary computed tomography angiography
• coronary stenosis
• coronary artery disease
• difference in blood pressure between arms

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

K.S. is a Chief Director and S.M. is a Director of NPO Clinical and Applied Science, Fukuoka, Japan. K.S. has an Endowed “Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics” supported by MSD, Co. LTD. S.M. belongs to the Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, which is supported by MSD, Co. LTD.