New Classes of Antihypertensive Drugs: Therapeutic Potentials

Abstract

A number of new classes of antihypertensive drugs have become available in the recent years which appear to hold therapeutic potential for better management of hypertension. Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, does not produce cough which is classically seen with ACE inhibitors. Fenoldopam, a dopamine D₁-receptor agonist, has a rapid and short duration of action and is ideally suited by intravenous infusion for quick control of BP in hypertensive emergencies. Kentaserin, a serotonin (5-HT_2A) receptor antagonist, has a long duration of action and can be given once daily. It has the added benefit of having antiplatelet effect. Monatepil, a dual α-receptor and calcium channel blocker, has potent antihypertensive effect, lowers serum cholesterol and also has antiatherosclerotic effect. Dual ACE and endopeptidase inhibitor, such as alatriopril, has a “broad spectrum” antihypertensive effect and may be effective in majority of hypertensive patients. Many other classes of antihypertensive drugs are still in the investigative stage, and their therapeutic potentials and safety need to be ascertained in long-term controlled clinical trials.

Key Words:

• Losartan
• Fenoldopam
• Kentaserin
• Monatepil