Overview on major lipid peroxidation bioactive factor 4-hydroxynonenal as pluripotent growth-regulating factor

Abstract

The reactive aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) is major bioactive marker of lipid peroxidation generated under oxidative stress from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biomedical significance of HNE was first revealed in pathogenesis of various degenerative and malignant diseases. Thus, HNE was considered for decades only as cytotoxic molecule, “second toxic messenger of free radicals” responsible for numerous undesirable consequences of oxidative stress. However, the increase of knowledge on physiology of redox signaling revealed also desirable, physiological roles of HNE, especially in the field of cellular signaling pathways regulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. These pluripotent effects of HNE can be explained by its concentration-dependent interactions with the cytokine networks and complex cellular antioxidant systems also showing cell and tissue specificities. Therefore, this paper gives a comprehensive, yet short overview on HNE as pluripotent growth-regulating factor.

Keywords::

• cell
• proliferation
• growth regulation
• hormesis
• lipid peroxidation
• oxidative stress

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the support of the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sports as well as the projects of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology B35, CM1001, and BM1203.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no declarations of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.