In Vivo³¹P NMR Spectroscopy Studies of Halothane Induced Porcine Stress Syndrome. No Effect of C-Phenyl N-Tertbutyl Nitrone (PBN)

Abstract

Porcine stress syndrome (PSS) which is an example of malignant hyperthermia (MH) in swine has previously been attributed to oxidative stress primarily due to an inherited antioxidant abnormality in MH susceptible (MHS) animals. C-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), a free radical spin trap, was selected to investigate whether free radicals are involved in MH. If free radicals cause the MH stress attack, then PBN should alter the time required for the onset of the stress attack, or perhaps protect the animal from experiencing the stress attack. In vivo phosphorus-31 (³¹P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to monitor metabolism in three to four week old normal and MHS piglets administered halothane as the stress challenge. Malignant hyperthermia was not reproducibly induced by halothane anesthesia. For those animals which did develop MH a dramatic fall in the level of PCr and a rise in the level of Pi was detected by ³¹P MRS. Intravenous administration of PBN prior to halothane exposure had no effect on the number of animals experiencing the stress attack. PBN does not appear to prevent, delay or reverse the onset of halothane-induced MH in three to four week old MHS piglets. The primary events leading to the MH syndrome do not appear to be influenced by the intervention of the type of free radicals normally trapped by PBN.

Key Words:

• PSS
• porcine stress syndrome
• MH
• malignant hyperthermia
• MHS
• malignant hyperthermia susceptible
• ³¹P MRS
• phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy
• PBN
• C-phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone
• PCr
• phosphocreatine
• Pi
• inorganic phosphate