Development and characterization of spray-dried porous nanoaggregates for pulmonary delivery of anti-tubercular drugs

Abstract

Tuberculosis, MTB or tubercle bacillus (TB) is a lethal, infectious disease mainly caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, guar gum-based porous nanoaggregates were formulated by precipitation technique with two frontline antitubercular drugs, i.e. isoniazid and rifampicin. The formulations were optimized on the basis of various evaluation parameters such as morphology, density, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. The optimized formulations were administered by inhalable route to Wistar rats for the evaluation of drugs in different organs (lungs, liver and kidneys). High drug encapsulation efficiency was achieved in guar gum porous nanoaggregates, ranging from 50% to 60%. A single pulmonary dose resulted in therapeutic drug concentrations of 30%–50% in the lungs and in other organs (less than 5%) for 24 h. From this study, we can conclude that delivering drugs through pulmonary route is advantageous for local action in lungs. Furthermore, the formulation showed sustained drug release pattern, which could be beneficial for reducing the drug dose or frequency of dosing, thus helpful in improving patient compliance.

• Nanoaggregate
• patient compliance
• pulmonary route
• sustained release
• tuberculosis

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Notice of Correction:

In the version of this article published on 28 May 2014, the fourth author's name was incorrectly written as ‘Umesh Das Gupta’. This has been corrected in this version, published on 4 July 2014.