Declaration of Interest
The author declares no conflict of interest. The author alone is responsible for the content and writing of this paper.
THE AUTHORS
Don C. Des Jarlais, Ph.D., behavioral scientist, Director of research the Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chemical Dependency Institute at Beth Israel Medical Center; professor at Columbia University Medical Center, a guest investigator at Rockefeller University in New York, is a leader in the fields of HIV/AIDS and injecting drug use. He has published extensively. Consultant to various institutions, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Academy of Sciences and the World Health Organization. He is a former commissioner for the U.S. National Commission on AIDS.