Patient Perceptions of Psychological and Physiological Withdrawal Symptoms and Positive Factors Associated with Gradual Withdrawal from Methadone Maintenance Treatment: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Psychological and physiological withdrawal symptoms and some positive factors were studied in 10 methadone maintenance treatment patients during methadone dose reduction. The subjective ratings were made during a period of 10 days around each réduction occasion, 3 days before dose réduction and 7 days after (i.e., within the periods). To permit comparisons of the subjects' ratings between earlier and later stages of the dose réduction process, a division has been made between the first half and the second half of the total réduction occasions (i.e., between the periods). Three of the patients completed the dose reduction, while the others interrupted their withdrawal attempts. The results show that the aggregate psychological symptoms were rated low, but that, as expected, they increased significantly from the first to the second half of the dose reduction. A significant increase of the psychological symptoms also occurred from the days before each réduction to the days after. The aggregate physiological symptoms were rated very low. A significant increase in rated withdrawal intensity is found within the réduction occasions. There were no significant changes with regard to the aggregate positive factors, either within or between the réduction occasions.

Key Words:

• Methadone maintenance treatment
• Withdrawal
• Psychological and physiological symptoms
• Positive factors
• Prospectivity