Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of styrax after oral and intranasal administration in mice

Abstract

Context: Styrax, resin of Liquidambar orientalis Mill. (N.O. Hamamelaceae), belongs to resuscitation-inducing aromatic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and functions in inducing resuscitation and restoring conscientiousness.

Objective: The possible sedative and anticonvulsant activities of styrax on CNS were investigated. The onsets of action of two different routes (oral and intranasal administration) were compared.

Materials and methods: Styrax was tested for sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant effects using locomotor activity evaluation, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsion, respectively.

Results: After oral administration (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), styrax prolonged the sodium pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. In comparison with oral administration, intranasal administration (12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg) prolonged the sleeping time at lower dosage. Moreover, styrax (100 and 200 mg/kg) promoted a significant protection against PTZ-induced seizures and mortality 30 min after oral administration. In contrast, 5 min after intranasal administration, styrax promoted significant protection at lower dosages (25 and 50 mg/kg). These data show that styrax had faster onset of action (5 vs. 30 min) and better anticonvulsant efficacy (25, 50 vs. 100, 200 mg/kg) by intranasal route in comparison with that by intragastric route. Styrax decreased the spontaneous locomotor movements at 100 mg/kg during 5–60 min interval after oral administration.

Discussion and conclusion: Styrax has sedative and anticonvulsant activities. Furthermore, styrax has faster onset of action as well as more potent efficacy after intranasal administration at lower dosage than by intragastric route. This result illustrates that intranasal administration may act as a promising alternative to conventional routes of administration.

Keywords::

• Styrax
• Liquidambar orientalis Mill.
• sedation
• anticonvulsant activity

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Qiang Fang for his assistance in experiments.

Declaration of interest

This work was supported by Jiangsu Provincial TCM Administration Bureau Project (NO. LZ09011), 2009’ Program for Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Jiangsu Higher Education and 2009 Program for New Century Excellent Talents by the Ministry of Education (NCET-09-0163), Construction Project for Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae (BM2010576), Construction Project for Jiangsu Engineering Center of Innovative Drug from Blood-conditioning TCM Formulae.

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.