Simultaneous quantification by HPLC of the phenolic compounds for the crude drug of Prunus serotina subsp. capuli

Abstract

Context: Prunus serotina Ehrenb. subsp. capuli (Cav.) McVaugh (Rosaceae), commonly known as “capulin”, is a native North American tree, commercialized and used in folk medicine for the treatment of the hypertension, gastrointestinal illnesses, and cough.

Objective: This work developed a suitable HPLC method for quantifying the major active constituents of the infusion of P. serotina, the most important preparation consumed by populations around the world.

Materials and methods: The analytical method was performed using a Fortis-RP column (150 mm × 4.6 mm; film thickness 5 µm). The mobile phase consisted of an isocratic acetate buffer solution (pH 2.7; A) and methanol (B) (65:35 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min⁻¹.

Results: The proposed method was applied to the quantification of 1–3 in several samples of the leaves of P. serotina. The results indicated that amounts of 1–3 in the samples analyzed are uniform, and greater amounts of chlorogenic acid (2; 479.9 ± 33.6 µg g⁻¹, dry matter) along with hyperoside (1; 185.7 ± 55.3 µg g⁻¹, dry matter) were present. On the other hand, benzaldehyde (3; 118.2 ± 12.1 µg g⁻¹ dry matter) was found to be in lower concentration.

Conclusions: A simple, sensitive, precise, and reproducible HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of 1–3 in P. serotina was developed and validated. This is the first report on the quantification of 1–3 as active principles, and compound 1 was selected as a marker of P. serotina, which could be useful to guarantee the quality of the crude drug and herbal products.

• HPLC
• Prunus serotina
• quantification