Abstract
We present herein modern three-dimensional (3D)/four-dimensional (4D) sonographic studies on fetal heart using 4D or real-time 3D fetal echocardiography, 3D/4D color/power Doppler ultrasound and 3D/4D high definition (HD)-flow, 3D/4D B-flow, and 3D/4D inversion mode. 3D/4D ultrasound provides a novel means for evaluation of fetal heart in 3D in real time, and of fetal intracardiac hemodynamics in the second and third trimesters. These novel techniques may assist in the evaluation of fetal cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics, and offer the potential advantages relative to conventional two-dimensional fetal echocardiography and Doppler flow mapping. 3D/4D ultrasound may be an important modality in future fetal cardiac research and in evaluation of congenital heart disease in the fetus.