Antioxidant, antiradical, and anticholinergic properties of cynarin purified from the Illyrian thistle (Onopordum illyricum L.)

Abstract

Cynarin is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid and it has biologically active functional groups constituent of some plants and food. We elucidated the antioxidant activity of cynarin by using different in vitro condition bioanalytical antioxidant assays like DMPD^•+, ABTS^•+, , DPPH^• and H₂O₂ scavenging effects, the total antioxidant influence, reducing capabilities, Fe²⁺ chelating and anticholinergic activities. Cynarin demonstrated 87.72% inhibition of linoleic acid lipid peroxidation at 30 µg/mL concentration. Conversely, some standard antioxidants like trolox, α-tocopherol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) exhibited inhibitions of 90.32, 75.26, 97.61, 87.30%, and opponent peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion at the identical concentration, seriatim. Also, cynarin exhibited effective DMPD^•+, ABTS^•+, , DPPH^•, and H₂O₂ scavenging effects, reducing capabilities and Fe²⁺ chelating effects. On the contrary, IC₅₀ and K_i parameters of cynarin for acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition were determined as 243.67 nM (r²: 0.9444) and 39.34 ± 13.88 nM, respectively. This study clearly showed that cynarin had marked antioxidant, anticholinergic, reducing ability, radical-scavenging, and metal-binding activities.

• Antiacetylcholinesterase
• anticholinergic
• antioxidant activity
• cynarin
• Onopordum illyricum
• radical scavenging

Declaration of interest

The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest. I. G. and S. E. would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this research, RGP-VPP-254.