Stringent controls in diabetic nephropathy associated with optimization of pregnancy outcomes

Abstract

To evaluate maternal-fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by diabetic nephropathy were evaluated. Nephropathy was defined as proteinuria of < 300 mg/24, or albuminuria < 300 mg/24 hr in the absence of infection. Twenty-seven pregnant women with variable degrees of diabetic nephropathy were included in the study. Prenatal care included stringent metabolic control and management of hypertension. Fetal and maternal outcomes were obtained by medical record review. There were no fetal deaths. One neonatal death occurred in a fetus delivered at 29 weeks gestation. IUGR and major congenital malformations were observed in 9% of the neonates; 26% of the infants were delivered preterm. Chronic hypertension (77%) and preeclampsia (53%) were common maternal complications; 63% of women required delivery by cesarean section. Successful pregnancy outcomes were achieved in < 95% of the women in our population. Modem management of the pregnancy complicated by diabetes has substantially improved the outcome of class F/FR diabetic mothers and their infants.

Key Words:

• diabetes
• nephropathy
• pregnancy
• proteinuria