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Abstract
Abstract
Several rehabilitation interventions yielding comparable outcomes are available to adults with acquired hearing impairment. However, the reasons why people choose particular interventions and not others have not been systematically investigated. This study explored the factors influencing the rehabilitation decisions of adults with acquired hearing impairment. Four options (hearing aids, group communication program, individual communication program, and no intervention) were discussed using shared decision making with 153 adults with acquired hearing impairment who had not previously received hearing rehabilitation. A selected sub-sample of 22 participants described the factors that influenced their decision during a semi-structured interview. Using qualitative content analysis, seven categories of factors influencing rehabilitation decisions were identified: (1) convenience; (2) expected adherence and outcomes; (3) financial costs; (4) hearing disability; (5) nature of intervention; (6) other people's experiences, recommendations, and support; and (7) preventive and interim solution. All categories of factors were a positive influence for a particular intervention for some participants and a negative influence for the same intervention for other participants. The results support a client-centred approach to decision making.
Sumario
Existen varias intervenciones en rehabilitación que conducen a resultados comparables, disponibles para adultos con trastornos adquiridos de la audición. Sin embargo, las razones por las que la gente escoge un tipo de intervención particular y no otro, no han sido sistemáticamente investigadas. El estudio exploró los factores que influyen en las decisiones de rehabilitación de adultos con trastornos adquiridos de la audición. Cuatro opciones (auxiliares auditivos, programa de comunicación grupal, programas de comunicación individual y ninguna intervención) fueron discutidas usando una toma compartida de decisiones con 153 adultos con trastornos adquiridos de la audición, quienes no habían recibido rehabilitación auditiva previa.
Veintidós participantes de una sub-muestra seleccionada describieron los factores que influyeron en su decisión, por medio de una entrevista semi-estructurada. Utilizando un análisis cualitativo de contenido, se identificaron siete categorías de factores que influyen en las decisiones de rehabilitación: (1) conveniencia; (2) adherencia esperada y resultados; (3) costos financieros; (4) discapacidad auditiva; (5) naturaleza de la intervención; (6) las experiencias, recomendaciones y apoyo de otras personas, y (7) soluciones preventivas y provisionales. Todas las categorías de factores fueron una influencia positiva para cada intervención particular en algunos participantes y una influencia negativa para la misma intervención en otros participantes. Los resultados apoyan un enfoque centrado en el cliente para la toma de decisiones.
Acknowledgements
The article was presented at the Aging and Speech Communication Conference, 12–14 October 2009, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. The authors sincerely thank the study participants for their enthusiasm and openness and the Office of Hearing Services of the Australian government's Department of Health and Ageing for their recruitment assistance. The first author acknowledges the financial support of the Australian Department of Education, Science, and Training.
Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.