Congenital Monoblastic Leukemia Presenting as Jaundice, Pleural Effusion, and Ascites: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Congenital leukemias are a rare group of hematologic neoplasms with a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms. Here we reported a neonate presenting with jaundice, pleural effusion and ascites. The total protein and serum albumin were markedly low at 48 and 12g/L. Computerized tomography showed the density of liver was asymmetry with several hypoechoic regions. Initial blood routine examination revealed only thrombocytopenia while blood white cells increased to 30.0×10⁹/L with 17% blast cells several days later. Bone marrow biopsy showed the proportion of blasts and promonocytes increased and she was diagnosed as acute monoblastic leukemia.

Keywords :

• Congenital leukemia
• pleural effusion
• ascites
• hypopro-teinemia