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Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the butterfly, Euripus nyctelius, was determined in the present study. The mitogenome is a typical circular DNA molecule of 15,417 bp, containing 37 genes and a putative control region. Thirteen protein-coding genes all initiate with ATN codons and mostly terminate with TAA or TAG codons except for COII, ND4 and ND5 use a single T residue as the termination codon. All tRNAs have the classic clover-leaf structure, except that the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of tRNASer(AGN) forms a simple loop. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses support the monophyly of butterflies and recover high supports for the following family level relationships: (Papilionidae + (Hesperioidea +(Pieridae (Lycaenidae + Nymphalidae)))). Euripus nycteliusis is placed as sister to the genus Sasakia within Nymphalidae.
Declaration of interest
Funding for this study was provided by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40871034), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, China (No. 2011011033-2), Construction Project for Basic Condition platform of science and technology of Shanxi Province, China (No. 2013091004-0104). All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.