Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to record prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and overall survival (OS) for a group of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with enzalutamide following progression after abiraterone treatment in the post-chemotherapy setting. Material and methods. Twenty-four mCRPC patients with progression after abiraterone treatment following primary docetaxel therapy received enzalutamide 160 mg/day. The percentage PSA response was recorded following first line docetaxel, abiraterone and enzalutamide treatment. Fischer's exact test, Mann–Whitney U test and linear regression model were used to test for differences in PSA response. Results. All patients had a follow-up of at least 3 months. The median PSA response following 1 month of enzalutamide was –12% (range –56% to 76%), while the median best PSA response was –22% (–76% to 76%). Forty-six percent had a greater than 30% decrease in PSA. The PSA response to enzalutamide did not correlate with the number of prior cancer treatments (p = 0.57), time from diagnosis to mCRPC (p = 0.11) or prior response to docetaxel (p = 0.67). However, patients treated with second line cabazitaxel had an inferior PSA response to enzalutamide (p = 0.03), and there was a trend for the PSA response to abiraterone to correlate with the PSA response to the succeeding enzalutamide (B = 0.22, p = 0.05). The median OS was 4.8 months. Conclusions. Previous abiraterone therapy is associated with a less marked fall in PSA following enzalutamide therapy in post-chemotherapy mCRPC patients compared with reported results in randomized trials. Larger prospective studies of sequencing are warranted.
Acknowledgements
We thank clinical research nurse Stine Thim and Birgit Kaa Bach for assistance with data collection.
Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.