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Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica Volume 74, 2003 - Issue 6
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Original Article

No difference between daily and weekly pin site care
A randomized study of 50 patients with external fixation

Annette W-Dahl Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
,
Sören Toksvig-Larsen Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
&
Anders Lindstrand Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
Pages 704-708 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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Ilker Uçkay, Stephan Harbarth, Robin Peter, Daniel Lew, Pierre Hoffmeyer & Didier Pittet. (2010) Preventing surgical site infections. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 8:6, pages 657-670.
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Articles from other publishers (68)

Anthony A. OlasindeGbenga Eyitayo Jones. (2023) Predictive factors for pin sites infection in external fixation of open tibia fractures. Journal of Musculoskeletal Surgery and Research 7, pages 271-277.
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Shalimar Abdullah, Elaine Zi Fan Soh, Choong Jin Ngiam & Jamari Sapuan. (2023) A Prospective Study Comparing the Infection Rate Between Buried vs Exposed Kirschner Wires in Hand and Wrist Fixations. Cureus.
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Dipankar Sen. 2023. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology 283 305 .
Dipankar Sen. 2020. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology 1 23 .
Jason Shih Hoellwarth, Kevin Tetsworth, Atiya Oomatia, Muhammad Adeel Akhtar, Haikun Xu & Munjed Al Muderis. (2022) Association Between Osseointegration of Lower Extremity Amputation and Mortality Among Adults. JAMA Network Open 5:10, pages e2235074.
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Maryam Salimi, Rojin Sarallah, Salar Javanshir, Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi, Amirhossein Salimi & Shokoufeh Khanzadeh. (2022) Complication of lengthening and the role of post-operative care, physical and psychological rehabilitation among fibula hemimelia. World Journal of Clinical Cases 10:24, pages 8482-8489.
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Nima Heidari, David W Shields, Alexis-Dimitris Iliadis, Erin Kelly & Bilal Jamal. (2022) Pin-site Infection: A Systematic Review of Prevention Strategies. Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction 17:2, pages 93-104.
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David Ferguson, Jan Dixon & William Eardley. (2022) Do pin site cleaning techniques and solutions affect pin site infection rate in external fixation? A systematic review of randomized and nonrandomized trials. Journal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction 8:3, pages 44.
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Nike Walter, Markus Rupp, UlrikKähler Olesen & Volker Alt. (2022) Which pin site dressing is the most optimal? A systematic review on current evidence. Journal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction 8:3, pages 36.
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Dipankar Sen. 2020. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology. Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology 1 23 .
Cristhopher Stoffel, Bruno Eltz & Mauro José Salles. (2021) Role of coatings and materials of external fixation pins on the rates of pin tract infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Orthopedics 12:11, pages 920-930.
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Mats Bue, Arnar Óskar Bjarnason, Jan Duedal Rölfing, Karina Larsen & Juozas Petruskevicius. (2021) Prospective evaluation of pin site infections in 39 patients treated with external ring fixation. Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 6:5, pages 135-140.
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David Ferguson, Paul Harwood, Victoria Allgar, Anu Roy, Patrick Foster, Martin Taylor, Elizabeth Moulder & Hemant Sharma. (2021) The PINS Trial: a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing a traditional versus an emollient skincare regimen for the care of pin-sites in patients with circular frames. The Bone & Joint Journal 103-B:2, pages 279-285.
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Franz Roth, Flavio Cagienard, Björn C. Link, Sandro Hodel, Dirk Lehnick, Reto Babst & Frank J. P. Beeres. (2020) Primary or secondary wound healing of the pin sites after removal of the external fixator: study protocol for a prospective, randomized controlled, monocenter trial. Trials 21:1.
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Fergus Campbell & Elizabeth Watt. (2020) An exploration of nursing practices related to care of orthopaedic external fixators (pin/wire sites) in the Australian context. International Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma Nursing 36, pages 100711.
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Xiujuan Guo, Yonghong Zhang, Pengcui Li & Jinli Guo. (2020) Experimental study on the effects of different disinfectants in preventing pin-site infection after using Ilizarov circular external fixators. European Journal of Inflammation 18, pages 205873922094264.
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Simon Tiziani, Thomas Dienstknecht, Georg Osterhoff, Thomas L. Hand, Michel Teuben, Clément M. L. Werner & Hans-Christoph Pape. (2018) Standards for external fixation application: national survey under the auspices of the German Trauma Society. International Orthopaedics 43:8, pages 1779-1785.
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Katherine Sanchez-Barrueto, Françoise Lemenager, Sylvie Meaume, Nathaly Quintero-Prigent, Anne-Gaëlle Py, Marieke Chamberon & Sonia Gaucher. (2019) Soins des orifices des fiches transcutanées des fixateurs externes et halos crâniens en rééducation pédiatrique, une nouvelle grille de suivi des soins. Revue Francophone de Cicatrisation 3:3, pages 40-45.
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Enrique Guerado, Juan Ramon Cano & Fernando Fernandez-Sanchez. (2019) Pin tract infection prophylaxis and treatment. Injury 50, pages S45-S49.
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Koushik Narayan Subramanyam, Abhishek Vasant Mundargi, Revanth Potarlanka & Prakash Khanchandani. (2019) No role for antiseptics in routine pin site care in Ilizarov fixators: A randomised prospective single blinded control study. Injury 50:3, pages 770-776.
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Yohei Yanagisawa, Atsuo Ito, Yuki Hara, Hirotaka Mutsuzaki, Shinji Murai, Kengo Fujii, Yu Sogo, Motohiro Hirose, Ayako Oyane, Fumiko Kobayashi & Masashi Yamazaki. (2019) Initial clinical trial of pins coated with fibroblast growth factor-2–apatite composite layer in external fixation of distal radius fractures. Journal of Orthopaedics 16:1, pages 69-73.
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Sandro Hodel, Björn-Christian Link, Reto Babst, W. H. Mallee, Philippe Posso & Frank J. P. Beeres. (2018) Perioperative management of external fixation in staged protocols: an international survey. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology 28:4, pages 565-572.
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Jennie A Walker, Brigitte E Scammell & Roger Bayston. (2017) A web‐based survey to identify current practice in skeletal pin site management. International Wound Journal 15:2, pages 250-257.
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Sylvain Aubret, Thibaut Lecointe, Mounira Mansour, Marie Rousset, Antonio Andreacchio, Bruno Pereira, Yann Philippe Charles & Federico Canavese. (2017) Risk of infection and secondary displacement in pediatric supracondylar or lateral condyle fractures treated with unburied Kirchener-wires removed before complete bone healing. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B 26:3, pages 222-226.
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Di Lu, Te Wang, Hua Chen & Liao-Jun Sun. (2017) Management of pin tract infection in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures: a comparative study of three methods. European Journal of Pediatrics 176:5, pages 615-620.
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J. A. D. van der WoudeK. WiegantR. J. van HeerwaardenS. SpruijtP. J. EmansS. C. MastbergenF. P. J. G. Lafeber. (2017) Knee joint distraction compared with total knee arthroplasty. The Bone & Joint Journal 99-B:1, pages 51-58.
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Nicola Mondanelli, Francesco Giron, Michele Losco, Roberto Buzzi & Paolo Aglietti. (2015) Opening wedge high tibial osteotomy using a monoaxial dynamic external fixator. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 25:1, pages 306-313.
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S. Robert Rozbruch, Nikolas H. Kazmers & Austin T. Fragomen. (2016) Prevention of pin site infection in external fixation: a review of the literature. Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction 11:2, pages 75-85.
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Leonid N Solomin, Maksim V Andrianov, Munetomo Takata & Hiroyuki Tsuchiya. (2016) Reference positions for transosseous elements in femur: A cadaveric study. Injury 47:6, pages 1196-1201.
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Jesse E. Bible & Hassan R. Mir. (2015) External Fixation. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 23:11, pages 683-690.
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Ioannis Ktistakis, Enrique Guerado & Peter V. Giannoudis. (2015) Pin-site care: can we reduce the incidence of infections?. Injury 46, pages S35-S39.
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Alfred O. Ogbemudia, Ehimwenma J. Ogbemudia & Edwin Edomwonyi. (2015) Efficacy of 1 % silver sulphadiazine dressings in preventing infection of external fixation pin-tracks: a randomized study. Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction 10:2, pages 95-99.
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Hsuan-Kai Kao, Mei-Chuan Chen, Wei-Chun Lee, Wen-E Yang & Chia-Hsieh Chang. (2015) Seasonal Temperature and Pin Site Care Regimen Affect the Incidence of Pin Site Infection in Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures. BioMed Research International 2015, pages 1-7.
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Hsuan-Kai Kao, Mei-Chuan Chen, Wei-Chun Lee, Wen-E Yang & Chia-Hsieh Chang. (2014) A prospective comparative study of pin site infection in pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures: daily pin care vs. no pin care. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 134:7, pages 919-923.
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Rahsan Cam & Fatma Demir Korkmaz. (2013) The effect of long‐term care and follow‐up on complications in patients with external fixators. International Journal of Nursing Practice 20:1, pages 89-96.
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Anne Lethaby, Jane Marjoribanks, Fredi Kronenberg, Helen Roberts, John Eden & Julie Brown. (2013) Phytoestrogens for menopausal vasomotor symptoms. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013:12.
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Anne Lethaby, Jenny Temple & Julie Santy-Tomlinson. (2013) Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
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Simon Britten, Ali Ghoz, Beverley Duffield & Peter V. Giannoudis. (2013) Ilizarov fixator pin site care: The role of crusts in the prevention of infection. Injury 44:10, pages 1275-1278.
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Lior Shabtai, Oleg Dolkart, Ofir Chechik, Eyal Amar, Eli Steinberg, Gabriel Mozes & Eran Maman. (2013) Incidence and Severity of Infections After Closed Reduction and External Fixation of Proximal Humeral Fractures. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 27:4, pages e81-e86.
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Anna Timms, Maria Vincent, Julie Santy-Tomlinson & Karen Hertz. (2013) A fresh consensus for pin site care in the UK. International Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma Nursing 17:1, pages 19-28.
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Matthew I. Rudloff. 2013. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics 2617 2724.e13 .
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Jennie Walker. (2012) Pin site infection in orthopaedic external fixation devices. British Journal of Nursing 21:3, pages 148-151.
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Ali Turgay Cavusoglu, Mehmet Serhan Er, Sermet Inal, Mehmet Hakan Ozsoy, Veysel Ercan Dincel & Abdurrahman Sakaogullari. (2009) Pin Site Care During Circular External Fixation Using Two Different Protocols. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 23:10, pages 724-730.
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Annette W-Dahl & Sören Toksvig-Larsen. (2009) Undisturbed theatre dressing during the first postoperative week. A benefit in the treatment by external fixation: a cohort study. Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction 4:1, pages 7-12.
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Enzo J. Sella. (2008) Review : Prevention and Management of Complications of the Ilizarov Treatment Method . Foot & Ankle Specialist 1:2, pages 105-107.
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Maurizio A. Catagni, Giulia Ottaviani, Alessandro Combi & Abhay Elhence. (2006) External Circular Fixation: A Comparison of Infection Rates Between Wires and Conical Half-Pins with Threads Outside or Inside the Skin. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 61:5, pages 1186-1191.
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