Advanced search
Publication Cover
British Journal of Neurosurgery Volume 21, 2007 - Issue 2
Submit an article Journal homepage
577
Views
93
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Variability of the subthalamic nucleus: The case for direct MRI guided targeting

Mr. K. Ashkan Functional Neurosurgery UnitCorrespondence[email protected]
,
P. Blomstedt Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
,
L. Zrinzo Functional Neurosurgery Unit
,
S. Tisch Functional Neurosurgery Unit
,
T. Yousry Department of Neuroradiology, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
,
P. Limousin-Dowsey Functional Neurosurgery Unit
&
M. I. Hariz Functional Neurosurgery Unit; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
 show all
Pages 197-200 | Received 29 Dec 2006, Accepted 09 Feb 2007, Published online: 06 Jul 2009

Citations (93)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (2)

Mariane Melo, Luciano Furlanetti, Harutomo Hasegawa, Nilesh Mundil & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2023) Comparison of direct MRI guided versus atlas-based targeting for subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus deep brain stimulation. British Journal of Neurosurgery 37:5, pages 1040-1045.
Read now
Alexander Alamri, Ismail Ughratdar, Michael Samuel & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2015) Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease 2003–2013: Where are we another 10 years on?. British Journal of Neurosurgery 29:3, pages 319-328.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (91)

Marcus L.F. Janssen & Michaël J. Bos. (2024) Microelectrode assisted deep brain stimulation: Considerations for anesthesia. Deep Brain Stimulation 4, pages 13-23.
Crossref
Na Zhao, Yang Qiao, Juan Yue, Ying Jing, Qiu Ge, Meng Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Yuan Zhen, Yu-Tao Xiang, Jue Wang & Yu-Feng Zang. (2024) Automatically targeting the dorsolateral subthalamic nucleus for functional connectivity-guided rTMS therapy. Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases 4:2.
Crossref
Thomas Tonroe, Hugh McDermott, Patrick Pearce, Nicola Acevedo, Wesley Thevathasan, San San Xu, Kristian Bulluss & Thushara Perera. (2023) Anatomical targeting for electrode localization in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: A comparative study. Journal of Neuroimaging 33:5, pages 792-801.
Crossref
Ali Rajabian, Saman VinkeJoseph Candelario-MckeownCatherine MilaboMaricel SalazarAbdul Karim NizamNadia SalloumJonathan Hyam, Harith Akram, Eileen JoyceThomas FoltyniePatricia LimousinMarwan Hariz & Ludvic Zrinzo. (2022) Accuracy, precision, and safety of stereotactic, frame-based, intraoperative MRI-guided and MRI-verified deep brain stimulation in 650 consecutive procedures. Journal of Neurosurgery, pages 1-10.
Crossref
R. Saman Vinke, Ashok K. Selvaraj, Martin Geerlings, Dejan Georgiev, Aleksander Sadikov, Pieter L. Kubben, Jonne Doorduin, Peter Praamstra, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Ronald H.M.A. Bartels & Rianne A.J. Esselink. (2022) The Role of Microelectrode Recording and Stereotactic Computed Tomography in Verifying Lead Placement During Awake MRI-Guided Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease. Journal of Parkinson's Disease 12:4, pages 1269-1278.
Crossref
Zhijia Jin, Ying Wang, Mojtaba Jokar, Yan Li, Zenghui Cheng, Yu Liu, Rongbiao Tang, Xiaofeng Shi, Youmin Zhang, Jihua Min, Fangtao Liu, Naying He, Fuhua Yan & Ewart Mark Haacke. (2022) Automatic detection of neuromelanin and iron in the midbrain nuclei using a magnetic resonance imaging ‐based brain template . Human Brain Mapping 43:6, pages 2011-2025.
Crossref
Farzaneh Nikparast, Zohreh Ganji, Mohammad Danesh Doust, Reyhane Faraji & Hoda Zare. (2022) Brain pathological changes during neurodegenerative diseases and their identification methods: How does QSM perform in detecting this process?. Insights into Imaging 13:1.
Crossref
V Rama Raju. (2022) Analysis of MER with subthalamic nucleus stimulations with deep brain stimulation. IP Indian Journal of Neurosciences 8:1, pages 64-68.
Crossref
Chun-Yu Su, Alex Mun-Ching Wong, Chih-Chen Chang, Po-Hsun Tu, Chiung Chu Chen & Chih-Hua Yeh. (2022) Quantitative Analysis for the Delineation of the Subthalamic Nuclei on Three-Dimensional Stereotactic MRI Before Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Medication-Refractory Parkinson’s Disease. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
Crossref
Gavin J. B. Elias, Aazad Abbas, Aaron Loh, Jürgen Germann & Michael L. Schwartz. 2022. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Deep Brain Stimulation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Deep Brain Stimulation 5 16 .
Fadi Almahariq, Goran Sedmak, Vladimira Vuletić, Domagoj Dlaka, Darko Orešković, Petar Marčinković, Marina Raguž & Darko Chudy. (2021) The Accuracy of Direct Targeting Using Fusion of MR and CT Imaging for Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery 82:06, pages 518-525.
Crossref
Swapnil Kolpakwar, Abhishek J. Arora, S. Pavan, Rukmini M. KandadaiRajesh Alugolu, M. Vijaya Saradhi & Rupam Borgohain. (2021) Volumetric analysis of subthalamic nucleus and red nucleus in patients of advanced Parkinson’s disease using SWI sequences. Surgical Neurology International 12, pages 377.
Crossref
Patrick Pearce, Kristian Bulluss, San San Xu, Boaz Kim, Marko Milicevic, Thushara Perera & Wesley Thevathasan. (2021) How accurately are subthalamic nucleus electrodes implanted relative to the ideal stimulation location for Parkinson’s disease?. PLOS ONE 16:7, pages e0254504.
Crossref
Yagna J. Pathak, Walter Greenleaf, Leo Verhagen Metman, Pieter Kubben, Sridevi Sarma, Brian Pepin, Douglas Lautner, Scott DeBates, Alex M. Benison, Binesh Balasingh & Erika Ross. (2021) Digital Health Integration With Neuromodulation Therapies: The Future of Patient-Centric Innovation in Neuromodulation. Frontiers in Digital Health 3.
Crossref
Kaijia Yu, Zhiwei Ren, Jianyu Li, Song Guo, Yongsheng Hu & Yongjie Li. (2021) Direct visualization of deep brain stimulation targets in patients with Parkinson’s disease via 3-T quantitative susceptibility mapping. Acta Neurochirurgica 163:5, pages 1335-1345.
Crossref
Venkateshwarla Rama Raju. (2021) Analysis of Parkinson‘s disease movement disorder by M E R with S T N – Deep Brain Stimulations. IP Indian Journal of Neurosciences 7:1, pages 76-82.
Crossref
Yiming Xiao, Jonathan C. Lau, Dimuthu Hemachandra, Greydon Gilmore, Ali R. Khan & Terry M. Peters. (2021) Image Guidance in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery to Treat Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Review. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 68:3, pages 1024-1033.
Crossref
Hülagü Kaptan. (2021) Letter: Direct Image Guided Targeting and Its Importance in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery. Operative Neurosurgery 20:3, pages E261-E261.
Crossref
Tanweer Rashid, Roy Hwang, Marisa DiMarzio, Ileana Hancu & Julie G. Pilitsis. (2021) Evaluating the role of 1.5 T quantitative susceptibility mapping for subthalamic nucleus targeting in deep brain stimulation surgery. Journal of Neuroradiology 48:1, pages 37-42.
Crossref
Bethany R. Isaacs, Max C. Keuken, Anneke Alkemade, Yasin Temel, Pierre-Louis Bazin & Birte U. Forstmann. (2020) Methodological Considerations for Neuroimaging in Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson’s Disease Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine 9:10, pages 3124.
Crossref
Harutomo Hasegawa, Petra Fischer, Huiling Tan, Alek Pogosyan, Michael Samuel, Peter Brown & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2020) The Effect of Unilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation on Contralateral Subthalamic Nucleus Local Field Potentials. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 23:4, pages 509-514.
Crossref
Henrieke L. Frequin, Maarten Bot, José Dilai, Marije N. Scholten, Miranda Postma, Lodewijk J. Bour, Maria Fiorella Contarino, Rob M.A. de Bie, P. Rick Schuurman & Pepijn van den Munckhof. (2020) Relative Contribution of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Microelectrode Recordings, and Awake Test Stimulation in Final Lead Placement during Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson’s Disease. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 98:2, pages 118-128.
Crossref
Ziyan Guo, Martin Chun-Wing Leong, Hao Su, Ka-Wai Kwok, Danny Tat-Ming Chan & Wai-Sang Poon. 2020. Handbook of Robotic and Image-Guided Surgery. Handbook of Robotic and Image-Guided Surgery 585 598 .
Seong-Cheol Park, Joon Hyuk Cha, Seonhwa Lee, Wooyoung Jang, Chong Sik Lee & Jung Kyo Lee. (2019) Deep Learning-Based Deep Brain Stimulation Targeting and Clinical Applications. Frontiers in Neuroscience 13.
Crossref
M. Michalska & A. Kozbakova. 2019. Information Technology in Medical Diagnostics II. Information Technology in Medical Diagnostics II 315 322 .
Francesco Sammartino, Fang-Cheng Yeh & Vibhor Krishna. (2019) Longitudinal analysis of structural changes following unilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy. NeuroImage: Clinical 22, pages 101754.
Crossref
Christophe Lenglet, Remi Patriat, Jerrold L. Vitek & Noam Harel. 2019. Engineering in Medicine. Engineering in Medicine 437 461 .
Venkateshwarla Rama Raju. 2019. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2018. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2018 47 52 .
Ziyan Guo, Martin Chun-Wing Leong, Hao Su, Ka-Wai Kwok, Danny Tat-Ming Chan & Wai-Sang Poon. (2018) Techniques for Stereotactic Neurosurgery: Beyond the Frame, Toward the Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided and Robot-Assisted Approaches. World Neurosurgery 116, pages 77-87.
Crossref
Minsoo Kim, Na Young Jung, Chang Kyu Park, Won Seok Chang, Hyun Ho Jung & Jin Woo Chang. (2018) Estimating Accurate Target Coordinates with Magnetic Resonance Images by Using Multiple Phase-Encoding Directions during Acquisition. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 96:2, pages 113-119.
Crossref
Vibhor Krishna, Francesco Sammartino & Ali R. Rezai. 2018. Neuromodulation. Neuromodulation 477 485 .
Andreas Deistung, Ferdinand Schweser & Jürgen R. Reichenbach. (2016) Overview of quantitative susceptibility mapping. NMR in Biomedicine 30:4.
Crossref
Satoru Ide, Shingo Kakeda, Tetsuya Yoneda, Junji Moriya, Keita Watanabe, Atsushi Ogasawara, Koichiro Futatsuya, Norihiro Ohnari, Toru Sato, Yasuhiro Hiai, Atsuji Matsuyama, Hitoshi Fujiwara, Masanori Hisaoka & Yukunori Korogi. (2017) Internal Structures of the Globus Pallidus in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: Evaluation with Phase Difference-enhanced Imaging. Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences 16:4, pages 304-310.
Crossref
Ahmed Rabie, Leo Verhagen Metman & Konstantin Slavin. (2016) Using “Functional” Target Coordinates of the Subthalamic Nucleus to Assess the Indirect and Direct Methods of the Preoperative Planning: Do the Anatomical and Functional Targets Coincide?. Brain Sciences 6:4, pages 65.
Crossref
Rens Verhagen, P Richard Schuurman, Pepijn van den Munckhof, M Fiorella Contarino, Rob M A de Bie & Lo J Bour. (2016) Comparative study of microelectrode recording-based STN location and MRI-based STN location in low to ultra-high field (7.0 T) T2-weighted MRI images. Journal of Neural Engineering 13:6, pages 066009.
Crossref
Julio L.B. Pereira, Sydney Furie, Justin Sharim, Daniel Yazdi, Antonio A.F. DeSalles & Nader Pouratian. (2016) Lateralization of the subthalamic nucleus with age in Parkinson’s disease. Basal Ganglia 6:2, pages 83-88.
Crossref
Arjun S. Chandran, Michael Bynevelt & Christopher R. P. Lind. (2016) Magnetic resonance imaging of the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation. Journal of Neurosurgery 124:1, pages 96-105.
Crossref
Anders Fytagoridis, Mattias Åström, Jennifer Samuelsson & Patric Blomstedt. (2016) Deep Brain Stimulation of the Caudal Zona Incerta: Tremor Control in Relation to the Location of Stimulation Fields. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 94:6, pages 363-370.
Crossref
Othman Al-Helli, David L. Thomas, Luke Massey, Thomas Foltynie, Patricia Limousin, Janice L. Holton, Tarek A. Yousry & Ludvic Zrinzo. (2015) Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus: histological verification and 9.4-T MRI correlation. Acta Neurochirurgica 157:12, pages 2143-2147.
Crossref
Jonathan A. Hyam, Harith Akram, Thomas Foltynie, Patricia Limousin, Marwan Hariz & Ludvic Zrinzo. (2015) What You See Is What You Get. Operative Neurosurgery 11:3, pages 412-419.
Crossref
A. Rezaei Haddad, I. Ughratdar & K. Ashkan. (2015) A single thalamic target for deep brain stimulation to treat hemi-body pain syndrome. Acta Neurochirurgica 157:9, pages 1519-1523.
Crossref
Young Jin Heo, Sang Joon Kim, Ho Sung Kim, Choong Gon Choi, Seung Chai Jung, Jung Kyo Lee, Chong Sik Lee, Sun J. Chung, So Hyun Cho & Gyoung Ro Lee. (2015) Three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence for visualisation of subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroradiology 57:9, pages 929-935.
Crossref
Yiming Xiao, Vladimir S. Fonov, Silvain Beriault, Ian Gerard, Abbas F. Sadikot, G. Bruce Pike & D. Louis Collins. (2014) Patch-based label fusion segmentation of brainstem structures with dual-contrast MRI for Parkinson’s disease. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 10:7, pages 1029-1041.
Crossref
Laura M. Zitella, YiZi Xiao, Benjamin A. Teplitzky, Daniel J. Kastl, Yuval Duchin, Kenneth B. Baker, Jerrold L. Vitek, Gregor Adriany, Essa Yacoub, Noam Harel & Matthew D. Johnson. (2015) In Vivo 7T MRI of the Non-Human Primate Brainstem. PLOS ONE 10:5, pages e0127049.
Crossref
David Satzer, Eric W Maurer, David Lanctin, Weihua Guan & Aviva Abosch. (2015) Anatomic correlates of deep brain stimulation electrode impedance. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86:4, pages 398-403.
Crossref
Satoru Ide, Shingo Kakeda, Issei Ueda, Keita Watanabe, Yu Murakami, Junji Moriya, Atsushi Ogasawara, Koichiro Futatsuya, Toru Sato, Norihiro Ohnari, Kazumasa Okada, Atsuji Matsuyama, Hitoshi Fujiwara, Masanori Hisaoka, Sadatoshi Tsuji, Tian Liu, Yi Wang & Yukunori Korogi. (2014) Internal structures of the globus pallidus in patients with Parkinson’s disease: evaluation with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). European Radiology 25:3, pages 710-718.
Crossref
Keyoumars Ashkan, Alexander Alamri & Ismail Ughratdar. (2015) Anti-Coagulation and Deep Brain Stimulation: Never the Twain Shall Meet?. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 93:6, pages 373-377.
Crossref
T. Möttönen, J. Katisko, J. Haapasalo, T. Tähtinen, T. Kiekara, V. Kähärä, J. Peltola, J. Öhman & K. Lehtimäki. (2015) Defining the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) as a deep brain stimulation target in refractory epilepsy: Delineation using 3 T MRI and intraoperative microelectrode recording. NeuroImage: Clinical 7, pages 823-829.
Crossref
Harutomo Hasegawa, Michael Samuel, Abdel Douiri & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2014) Patients' Expectations in Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Parkinson Disease. World Neurosurgery 82:6, pages 1295-1299.e2.
Crossref
Ludvic Zrinzo, Harith Akram & Marwan Hariz. (2014) Comment on “Appropriate MRI sequences are required to accurately determine lead location after deep brain stimulation surgery”. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 21:12, pages 2257-2258.
Crossref
Christian Ineichen, Walter Glannon, Yasin Temel, Christian R. Baumann & Oguzkan Sürücü. (2014) A critical reflection on the technological development of deep brain stimulation (DBS). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
Crossref
Yiming Xiao, Pierre Jannin, Tiziano D'Albis, Nicolas Guizard, Claire Haegelen, Florent Lalys, Marc Vérin & D. Louis Collins. (2014) Investigation of morphometric variability of subthalamic nucleus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra in advanced Parkinson's disease patients using automatic segmentation and PCA‐based analysis. Human Brain Mapping 35:9, pages 4330-4344.
Crossref
Jerrold L VitekPrasad VannemreddyRoy AE Bakay. 2014. Deep Brain Stimulation: Technology and Applications (Volume 1). Deep Brain Stimulation: Technology and Applications (Volume 1) 20 36 .
Lidia Yágüez, Angela Costello, John Moriarty, Natasha Hulse, Richard Selway, Chris Clough, Michael Samuel & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2014) Cognitive predictors of cognitive change following bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 21:3, pages 445-450.
Crossref
Layla Houshmand, Karen S. Cummings, Kelvin L. Chou & Parag G. Patil. (2014) Evaluating Indirect Subthalamic Nucleus Targeting with Validated 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 92:6, pages 337-345.
Crossref
Chip Truwit & Walter A. Hall. 2014. Intraoperative Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy. Intraoperative Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy 465 478 .
Ioannis Mavridis, Efstathios Boviatsis & Sophia Anagnostopoulou. (2013) Anatomy of the Human Subthalamic Nucleus: A Combined Morphometric Study. Anatomy Research International 2013, pages 1-8.
Crossref
Aviva Abosch & Noam Harel. 2013. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Movement Disorders. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Movement Disorders 94 105 .
Santo Chakraborti, Harutomo Hasegawa, Daniel E. Lumsden, Wisam Ali, Margaret Kaminska, Jean-Pierre Lin & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2013) Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for refractory total body dystonia secondary to metabolic autopallidotomy in a 4-year-old boy with infantile methylmalonic acidemia. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 12:4, pages 374-379.
Crossref
Keyoumars Ashkan, Paul Shotbolt, Anthony S David & Michael Samuel. (2013) Deep brain stimulation: a return journey from psychiatry to neurology. Postgraduate Medical Journal 89:1052, pages 323-328.
Crossref
Ian Greenhouse, Sherrie Gould, Melissa Houser & Adam R. Aron. (2013) Stimulation of contacts in ventral but not dorsal subthalamic nucleus normalizes response switching in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia 51:7, pages 1302-1309.
Crossref
Parag G. Patil, Erin C. Conrad, J. Wayne Aldridge, Thomas L. Chenevert & Kelvin L. Chou. (2012) The Anatomical and Electrophysiological Subthalamic Nucleus Visualized by 3-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neurosurgery 71:6, pages 1089-1095.
Crossref
Hans U. Kerl, Lars Gerigk, Ioannis Pechlivanis, Mansour Al-Zghloul, Christoph Groden & Ingo S. Nölte. (2012) The subthalamic nucleus at 7.0 Tesla: evaluation of sequence and orientation for deep-brain stimulation. Acta Neurochirurgica 154:11, pages 2051-2062.
Crossref
Patrick J. Connolly, Casey H. Halpern, Gordon H. Baltuch, Shabbar F. Danish & Jurg L. Jaggi. (2012) Implications for programming strategy of the location of the active contact in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 19:7, pages 1029-1031.
Crossref
Yuval Duchin, Aviva Abosch, Essa Yacoub, Guillermo Sapiro & Noam Harel. (2012) Feasibility of Using Ultra-High Field (7 T) MRI for Clinical Surgical Targeting. PLoS ONE 7:5, pages e37328.
Crossref
René Reese, Markus O. Pinsker, Jan Herzog, Fritz Wodarg, Frank Steigerwald, Monika Pötter‐Nerger, Daniela Falk, Günther Deuschl, H. Maximilian Mehdorn & Jens Volkmann. (2012) The atypical subthalamic nucleus—An anatomical variant relevant for stereotactic targeting. Movement Disorders 27:4, pages 544-548.
Crossref
Christian Lambert, Ludvic Zrinzo, Zoltan Nagy, Antoine Lutti, Marwan Hariz, Thomas Foltynie, Bogdan Draganski, John Ashburner & Richard Frackowiak. (2012) Confirmation of functional zones within the human subthalamic nucleus: Patterns of connectivity and sub-parcellation using diffusion weighted imaging. NeuroImage 60:1, pages 83-94.
Crossref
Ingo S. Nölte, Lars Gerigk, Mansour Al-Zghloul, Christoph Groden & Hans U. Kerl. (2011) Visualization of the internal globus pallidus: sequence and orientation for deep brain stimulation using a standard installation protocol at 3.0 Tesla. Acta Neurochirurgica 154:3, pages 481-494.
Crossref
H. U. Kerl, L. Gerigk, S. Huck, M. Al-Zghloul, C. Groden & I. S. Nölte. (2012) Visualisation of the Zona Incerta for Deep Brain Stimulation at 3.0 TeslaDarstellung der Zona incerta bei 3.0 Tesla für die Tiefenhirnstimulation. Clinical Neuroradiology 22:1, pages 55-68.
Crossref
L.A. Massey, M.A. Miranda, L. Zrinzo, O. Al-Helli, H.G. Parkes, J.S. Thornton, P.-W. So, M.J. White, L. Mancini, C. Strand, J.L. Holton, M.I. Hariz, A.J. Lees, T. Revesz & T.A. Yousry. (2012) High resolution MR anatomy of the subthalamic nucleus: Imaging at 9.4T with histological validation. NeuroImage 59:3, pages 2035-2044.
Crossref
Milind Deogaonkar, Tiago Freitas, Andre Machado & Ali Rezai. (2011) Subthalamic Nucleus Targeting Using Interpeduncular Cistern as an Internal Landmark. Operative Neurosurgery 69, pages ons225-ons229.
Crossref
Juergen Ralf Schlaier, Christine Habermeyer, Jan Warnat, Max Lange, Annette Janzen, Andreas Hochreiter, Martin Proescholdt, Alexander Brawanski & Claudia Fellner. (2011) Discrepancies between the MRI- and the electrophysiologically defined subthalamic nucleus. Acta Neurochirurgica 153:12, pages 2307-2318.
Crossref
Martin M. Reich, K. Ray Chaudhuri, Keyoumars Ashkan, Natasha Hulse, Angela Costello, John Moriarty & Michael Samuel. (2011) Changes in the non-motor symptom scale in Parkinson’s disease after deep brain stimulation. Basal Ganglia 1:3, pages 131-133.
Crossref
Ruth L. O’Gorman, Karin Shmueli, Keyoumars Ashkan, Michael Samuel, David J. Lythgoe, Asal Shahidiani, Stephen J. Wastling, Michelle Footman, Richard P. Selway & Jozef Jarosz. (2010) Optimal MRI methods for direct stereotactic targeting of the subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus. European Radiology 21:1, pages 130-136.
Crossref
Etienne M Holl, Erika A Petersen, Thomas Foltynie, Irene Martinez-Torres, Patricia Limousin, Marwan I Hariz & Ludvic Zrinzo. (2010) Improving Targeting in Image-Guided Frame-Based Deep Brain Stimulation. Operative Neurosurgery 67, pages ons437-ons447.
Crossref
Aviva Abosch, Essa Yacoub, Kamil Ugurbil & Noam Harel. (2010) An Assessment of Current Brain Targets for Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery With Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging at 7 Tesla. Neurosurgery 67:6, pages 1745-1756.
Crossref
Roy E. Strowd, Michael S. Cartwright, Leah V. Passmore, Thomas L. Ellis, Stephen B. Tatter & Mustafa S. Siddiqui. (2010) Weight change following deep brain stimulation for movement disorders. Journal of Neurology 257:8, pages 1293-1297.
Crossref
Patric Blomstedt, Ulrika Sandvik & Stephen Tisch. (2010) Deep brain stimulation in the posterior subthalamic area in the treatment of essential tremor. Movement Disorders 25:10, pages 1350-1356.
Crossref
Christian Saleh. (2010) Knowing the limitations of applied deep brain stimulation technology for a clearer understanding of clinical outcomes. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 292:1-2, pages 119.
Crossref
L.A. Massey & T.A. Yousry. (2010) Anatomy of the Substantia Nigra and Subthalamic Nucleus on MR Imaging. Neuroimaging Clinics of North America 20:1, pages 7-27.
Crossref
Slawomir Daniluk, Keith G. Davies, Samuel A. Ellias, Peter Novak & Jules M. Nazzaro. (2009) Assessment of the variability in the anatomical position and size of the subthalamic nucleus among patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease using magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Neurochirurgica 152:2, pages 201-210.
Crossref
Samantha Hettige, Mike Samuel, Chris Clough, Natasha Hulse & Keyoumars Ashkan. (2009) Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease when HIV coexists. Movement Disorders 24:14, pages 2169-2171.
Crossref
Patric Blomstedt, Ulrika Sandvik, Anders Fytagoridis & Stephen Tisch. (2009) THE POSTERIOR SUBTHALAMIC AREA IN THE TREATMENT OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS. Neurosurgery 64:6, pages 1029-1042.
Crossref
Slawomir Daniluk, Keith G. Davies, Peter Novak, Thai Vu, Jules M. Nazzaro & Samuel A. Ellias. (2009) ISOLATION OF THE BRAIN-RELATED FACTOR OF THE ERROR BETWEEN INTENDED AND ACHIEVED POSITION OF DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION ELECTRODES IMPLANTED INTO THE SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Operative Neurosurgery 64:5, pages ons374-ons384.
Crossref
Xavier VasquesLaura CifOlivier Hess, Sophie GavariniGerard Mennessier & Philippe Coubes. (2009) Prognostic value of globus pallidus internus volume in primary dystonia treated by deep brain stimulation. Journal of Neurosurgery 110:2, pages 220-228.
Crossref
S. Khan, N. K. Patel, E. White, P. Plaha, S. Ashton & S. S. Gill. 2009. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 1237 1253 .
W. L. Nowinski. 2009. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 395 441 .
X. A. Vasques, L. Cif, B. Biolsi & P. Coubes. 2009. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 1801 1833 .
Chiang-Shan Ray Li, Peisi Yan, Rajita Sinha & Tien-Wen Lee. (2008) Subcortical processes of motor response inhibition during a stop signal task. NeuroImage 41:4, pages 1352-1363.
Crossref
Joseph Stancanello, Alexander Muacevic, Fabio Sebastiano, Nicola Modugno, Pietro Cerveri, Giancarlo Ferrigno, Fulvio Uggeri & Pantaleo Romanelli. (2008) 3T MRI evaluation of the accuracy of atlas-based subthalamic nucleus identification. Medical Physics 35:7Part1, pages 3069-3077.
Crossref
L. Zrinzo, L. V. Zrinzo, S. Tisch, P. D. Limousin, T. A. Yousry, F. Afshar & M. I. Hariz. (2008) Stereotactic localization of the human pedunculopontine nucleus: atlas-based coordinates and validation of a magnetic resonance imaging protocol for direct localization. Brain 131:6, pages 1588-1598.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.