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Original

Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) in Left- and Right-Handed Males

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Pages 1006-1013 | Received 06 Mar 2008, Published online: 21 Jul 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (5)

Gareth Richards, Sarah E. Medland & Alan A. Beaton. (2021) Digit ratio (2D:4D) and handedness: A meta-analysis of the available literature. Laterality 26:4, pages 421-484.
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Sunil Vasu Kalmady, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Venkataram Shivakumar, Dania Jose, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian & Y. C. Janardhan Reddy. (2013) Revisiting Geschwind's hypothesis on brain lateralisation: A functional MRI study of digit ratio (2D:4D) and sex interaction effects on spatial working memory. Laterality 18:5, pages 625-640.
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Zlatislav Stoyanov, Piareta Nikolova & Irina Pashalieva. (2011) Season of birth, Geschwind and Galaburda hypothesis, and handedness. Laterality 16:5, pages 607-619.
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Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Rashmi Arasappa, NarenP. Rao & BangaloreN. Gangadhar. (2011) Digit ratio (2D:4D) asymmetry and Schneiderian first rank symptoms: Implications for cerebral lateralisation theories of schizophrenia. Laterality 16:4, pages 499-512.
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AlanA. Beaton, Nick Rudling, Christian Kissling, Regine Taurines & Johannes Thome. (2011) Digit ratio (2D:4D), salivary testosterone, and handedness. Laterality 16:2, pages 136-155.
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Articles from other publishers (17)

Denisa Cristina Lupu, Ignacio Monedero, Claudia Rodriguez-Ruiz, Miguel Pita & Enrique Turiegano. (2023) In support of 2D:4D: More data exploring its conflicting results on handedness, sexual orientation and sex differences. PLOS ONE 18:8, pages e0280514.
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Thomas Buser, Alexander Cappelen, Uri Gneezy, Moshe Hoffman & Bertil Tungodden. (2021) Competitiveness, gender and handedness. Economics & Human Biology 43, pages 101037.
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Shirley H. F. Lee, Syahiirah Abd Aziz, Mawarni Hamid, Ya Chee Lim, David Koh & Li Ling Chaw. (2021) 2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 51:12, pages 4577-4586.
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Gareth Richards, Tess Beking, Baudewijntje P.C. Kreukels, Reint H. Geuze, Alan A. Beaton & Ton Groothuis. (2021) An examination of the influence of prenatal sex hormones on handedness: Literature review and amniotic fluid data. Hormones and Behavior 129, pages 104929.
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Sanjay Kumar, Martin Voracek & Maharaj Singh. (2021) The effects of hand preference and sex on right-left asymmetry in dorsal digit lengths among adults and children. Early Human Development 153, pages 105293.
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Sanjay Kumar, Maharaj Singh & Martin Voracek. (2020) Effects of hand preference on digit lengths and digit ratios among children and adults. Early Human Development 151, pages 105204.
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Sibel Gazioglu, Ismail Alkan, Ayse Gul Karaman & Cavit Boz. (2020) Decreased second to fourth digit ratios in female multiple sclerosis patients. Early Human Development 144, pages 105039.
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Simon Sanwald, Katharina Widenhorn-Müller, Jennifer Wernicke, Cornelia Sindermann, Markus Kiefer & Christian Montag. (2019) Depression Is Associated With the Absence of Sex Differences in the 2D:4D Ratio of the Right Hand. Frontiers in Psychiatry 10.
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Marietta Papadatou-Pastou & Maryanne Martin. (2017) Cerebral laterality for language is related to adult salivary testosterone levels but not digit ratio (2D:4D) in men: A functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound study. Brain and Language 166, pages 52-62.
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Tara L. DeLecce, John P. Polheber & Robert L. Matchock. (2013) Sociosexual Orientation and 2D:4D Ratios in Women: Relationship to Men’s Desirability Ratings as a Long-Term Pair Bond. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43:2, pages 319-327.
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Ion G. Motofei, David L. Rowland, Simona R. Georgescu, Daniela L. Baconi, Nicoleta P. Dimcevici, Stana Paunica, Vlad D. Constantin & Cristian Balalau. (2012) A pilot study on the sexual side effects of finasteride as related to hand preference for men undergoing treatment of male pattern baldness. BJU International 111:4b.
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Yin Lin, Xiaohong Ma, Wei Deng, Yuanyuan Han, Mingli Li, Xiang Liu, El-Wui Loh & Tao Li. (2012) Minor physical anomalies in patients with schizophrenia in a Chinese population. Psychiatry Research 200:2-3, pages 223-227.
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Zlatislav Stoyanov, Lyoubka Decheva, Irina Pashalieva & Piareta Nikolova. (2012) Brain asymmetry, immunity, handedness. Open Medicine 7:1, pages 1-8.
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Bernd Lenz, Christian P. Müller, Christina Stoessel, Wolfgang Sperling, Teresa Biermann, Thomas Hillemacher, Stefan Bleich & Johannes Kornhuber. (2012) Sex hormone activity in alcohol addiction: Integrating organizational and activational effects. Progress in Neurobiology 96:1, pages 136-163.
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Diana Derval & Johan BremerDiana Derval & Johan Bremer. 2012. Hormones, Talent, and Career. Hormones, Talent, and Career 11 33 .
Mehmet Akif Ziyagil. (2011) Handedness and Footedness: Relations to Differences in Sprinting Speed and Multiple Sprints Performance in Prepubertal Boys. Perceptual and Motor Skills 112:2, pages 440-450.
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Kim Wallen. (2009) Does Finger Fat Produce Sex Differences in Second to Fourth Digit Ratios?. Endocrinology 150:11, pages 4819-4822.
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