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Review

Accelerated atherosclerosis, arterial thromboembolism, and preventive strategies in systemic lupus erythematosus

Pages 85-95 | Received 10 Nov 2005, Accepted 16 Jan 2006, Published online: 25 Aug 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (11)

Chi Chiu Mok. (2019) Metabolic syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: the connection. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 15:7, pages 765-775.
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Chi Chiu Mok. (2013) Vitamin D and systemic lupus erythematosus: an update. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 9:5, pages 453-463.
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Chi Chiu Mok. (2010) Update on emerging drug therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 15:1, pages 53-70.
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Yaniv Sherer, Hasia Zinger & Yehuda Shoenfeld. (2010) Atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 43:1, pages 98-102.
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K Almehed, H Carlsten & H Forsblad-d'Elia. (2010) Health-related quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with disease and work disability. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 39:1, pages 58-62.
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CC Mok, WL Poon, JPS Lai, CK Wong, SM Chiu, CK Wong, SWM Lun, GTC Ko, CWK Lam & CS Lam. (2010) Metabolic syndrome, endothelial injury, and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 39:1, pages 42-49.
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Dolores Puente, Gonzalo Pombo & Ricardo Forastiero. (2009) Current management of antiphospholipid syndrome-related thrombosis. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 7:12, pages 1551-1558.
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S Ekblom-Kullberg, H Kautiainen, P Alha, T Helve, M Leirisalo-Repo & H Julkunen. (2009) Reproductive health in women with systemic lupus erythematosus compared to population controls. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 38:5, pages 375-380.
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K. K. Sallai, E. Nagy, I. Bodó, A. Mohl & P. Gergely. (2007) Thrombosis risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: the role of thrombophilic risk factors. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 36:3, pages 198-205.
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Chi Chiu Mok. (2006) Emerging drug therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs 11:4, pages 597-608.
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Articles from other publishers (28)

Chi Chiu Mok, Ling Yin Ho, Kar Li Chan, Sau Mei Tse & Chi Hung To. (2023) Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) is Associated with Disease Activity and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Inflammation 46:4, pages 1458-1470.
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Seong-Kyu Kim & Jung-Yoon Choe. (2022) Metabolic syndrome at baseline was not predictive to new-onset cardiovascular diseases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective observational registry. European Journal of Inflammation 20, pages 1721727X2211134.
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Jinoos Yazdany, Nick Pooley, Julia Langham, Lindsay Nicholson, Sue Langham, Nina Embleton, Xia Wang, Barnabas Desta, Volkan Barut & Edward Hammond. (2020) Systemic lupus erythematosus; stroke and myocardial infarction risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMD Open 6:2, pages e001247.
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Tohid Hassanalilou, Leila Khalili, Saeid Ghavamzadeh, Ali Shokri, Laleh Payahoo & Yaser Khaje Bishak. (2017) Role of vitamin D deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus incidence and aggravation. Autoimmunity Highlights 9:1.
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O Vera-Lastra, S Méndez-Flores, M P Cruz-Dominguez, G Medina, E Calderón-Aranda & L J Jara. (2016) Effect of ezetimibe plus pravastatin on endothelial dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 25:7, pages 741-748.
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L Eder, DD Gladman, D Ibañez & MB Urowitz. (2014) The correlation between carotid artery atherosclerosis and clinical ischemic heart disease in lupus patients. Lupus 23:11, pages 1142-1148.
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CC Mok, Shirley KY Ying, KM Ma & CK Wong. (2013) Effect of raloxifene on disease activity and vascular biomarkers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Subgroup analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Lupus 22:14, pages 1470-1478.
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Chi Chiu Mok, Pak To Chan, Ling Yin Ho, Ka Lung Yu & Chi Hung To. (2013) Prevalence of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Its Effect on Survival in 679 Chinese Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Medicine 92:4, pages 217-222.
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Preeta Kaur Chugh. (2013) Management of women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Maturitas 75:3, pages 207-214.
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Laia Vilà, Núria Roglans, Miguel Baena, Emma Barroso, Marta Alegret, Manuel Merlos & Juan C. Laguna. (2012) Metabolic Alterations and Increased Liver mTOR Expression Precede the Development of Autoimmune Disease in a Murine Model of Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS ONE 7:12, pages e51118.
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C. C. Mok, D. J. Birmingham, H. W. Leung, L. A. Hebert, H. Song & B. H. Rovin. (2011) Vitamin D levels in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with disease activity, vascular risk factors and atherosclerosis. Rheumatology 51:4, pages 644-652.
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Chi Chiu Mok. 2012. Handbook of Anthropometry. Handbook of Anthropometry 2391 2402 .
Emma Barroso, Laia Vilà, Núria Roglans & Juan C. Laguna. (2010) Evolución temporal de marcadores metabólicos y de enfermedad autoinmune en un modelo de lupus eritematoso. Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis 22:6, pages 233-240.
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Chi Chiu Mok, Ling Yin Ho, Ka Lung Yu & Chi Hung To. (2010) Venous thromboembolism in southern Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical Rheumatology 29:6, pages 599-604.
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Jennifer R. Elliott & Susan Manzi. (2009) Cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 23:4, pages 481-494.
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EIB Peerschke, W Yin, DR Alpert, RAS Roubey, JE Salmon & B Ghebrehiwet. (2009) Serum complement activation on heterologous platelets is associated with arterial thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibodies. Lupus 18:6, pages 530-538.
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S Masood, D Jayne & Y Karim. (2009) Beyond immunosuppression – challenges in the clinical management of lupus nephritis. Lupus 18:2, pages 106-115.
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Catherine A. Heyneman. (2008) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Therapeutic Update. Journal of Pharmacy Practice 22:1, pages 29-52.
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Morgan Gaunt, Patricia Davis, Andrew G. Lee & Michael S. Lee. (2008) Getting to the Heart of the Matter. Survey of Ophthalmology 53:6, pages 636-640.
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Chi Chiu Mok, Shirley King Yee Ying, Chi Hung To & Kwok Man Ma. (2008) Bone mineral density and body composition in men with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case control study. Bone 43:2, pages 327-331.
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Chi-Hang Lee, Eric Chong, Adrian Low, Jimmy Lim, Yean-Teng Lim & Huay-Cheem Tan. (2008) Long-term follow-up after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. International Journal of Cardiology 126:3, pages 430-432.
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MD Lockshin & RHWM Derksen. (2008) New developments in lupus-associated antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 17:5, pages 443-446.
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Deborah Alpert, Adrienne Davis, Doruk Erkan, Mary J Roman & Jane E Salmon. (2007) Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology 3:8, pages 473-478.
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Chi Chiu Mok, Ka Hang Tong, Chi Hung To, Yui Pong Siu, Ling Yin Ho & Tak Cheung Au. (2007) Risk and Predictors of Arterial Thrombosis in Lupus and Non-Lupus Primary Glomerulonephritis. Medicine 86:4, pages 203-209.
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Doruk Erkan, Melanie J. Harrison, Roger Levy, Margaret Peterson, Michelle Petri, Lisa Sammaritano, Aynur Unalp‐Arida, Veronica Vilela, Yusuf Yazici & Michael D. Lockshin. (2007) Aspirin for primary thrombosis prevention in the antiphospholipid syndrome: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in asymptomatic antiphospholipid antibody–positive individuals. Arthritis & Rheumatism 56:7, pages 2382-2391.
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Jennifer Rae Elliott, Susan Manzi & Daniel Edmundowicz. (2007) The role of preventive cardiology in systemic lupus erythematosus. Current Rheumatology Reports 9:2, pages 125-130.
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Iris Z. JaffeYin TintutBrenna G. NewfellLinda L. DemerMichael E. Mendelsohn. (2007) Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Promotes Vascular Cell Calcification. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 27:4, pages 799-805.
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Chi-Hang Lee & Mark Y. Chan. (2007) Dilemma of drug-eluting stent implantation in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. International Journal of Cardiology 114:3, pages E107-E108.
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