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Annals of Medicine Volume 50, 2018 - Issue 2
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Original Article

Joint associations of sauna bathing and cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk: a long-term prospective cohort study

Setor K. KunutsorTranslational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building (Level 1), Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK; Correspondence[email protected]
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,
Hassan KhanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; View further author information
,
Tanjaniina LaukkanenInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; View further author information
&
Jari A. LaukkanenInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; ;Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, FinlandView further author information
Pages 139-146 | Received 09 Jun 2017, Accepted 30 Sep 2017, Published online: 16 Oct 2017

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Nzechukwu M. Isiozor, Setor K. Kunutsor, Ari Voutilainen, Sudhir Kurl, Jussi Kauhanen & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2019) American heart association’s cardiovascular health metrics and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among a middle-aged male Scandinavian population. Annals of Medicine 51:5-6, pages 306-313.
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Articles from other publishers (35)

Yunuo Su, Sven. P. Hoekstra & Christof A. Leicht. (2023) Hot water immersion is associated with higher thermal comfort than dry passive heating for a similar rise in rectal temperature and plasma interleukin-6 concentration. European Journal of Applied Physiology.
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Gabriela Dogaru, Ioana Stănescu, Dora Violeta Szakacz & Alina Deniza Ciubean. (2023) Clinical Applications and Biological Effects of Sauna Bathing – a Narrative Review. Balneo and PRM Research Journal 14:Vol.14, no.2, pages 552.
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Setor K. Kunutsor & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2023) Does the Combination of Finnish Sauna Bathing and Other Lifestyle Factors Confer Additional Health Benefits? A Review of the Evidence. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 98:6, pages 915-926.
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Setor K. Kunutsor & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Frequent sauna bathing may reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk: A prospective study. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 53:5.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, S. Y. Jae, J. Kauhanen & S. K. Kunutsor. (2023) The Interplay between Systolic Blood Pressure, Sauna Bathing, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Finnish Men: A Cohort Study. The journal of nutrition, health & aging 27:5, pages 348-353.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, Nzechukwu M. Isiozor, Peter Willeit & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2023) Hemodynamic Gain Index Is Associated With Cardiovascular Mortality and Improves Risk Prediction. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention Publish Ahead of Print.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Hassan Khan, Samuel Seidu & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2023) Percentage of Age-Predicted Cardiorespiratory Fitness May Be a Stronger Risk Indicator for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Than Absolute Levels of Cardiorespiratory Fitness. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 43:1, pages 66-73.
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Nzechukwu M. Isiozor, Setor K. Kunutsor, Dorothea Vogelsang, Ifeanyichukwu Isiozor, Jussi Kauhanen & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2023) Serum copper and the risk of cardiovascular disease death in Finnish men. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 33:1, pages 151-157.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae, Sudhir Kurl, Jussi Kauhanen & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Inflammation, sauna bathing, and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Finnish men: a cohort study. European Journal of Epidemiology 37:12, pages 1225-1231.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Frequent sauna bathing offsets the increased risk of death due to low socioeconomic status: A prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older men. Experimental Gerontology 167, pages 111906.
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David F. G. Sciarrone, Robert A. McLaughlin, Raden Argarini, Minh‐Son To, Louise H. Naylor, Lucy M. Bolam, Howard H. Carter & Daniel J. Green. (2022) Visualising and quantifying microvascular structure and function in patients with heart failure using optical coherence tomography. The Journal of Physiology 600:17, pages 3921-3929.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae, Timo H. Mäkikallio & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Inflammation, and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Middle-Aged Men. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 42:5, pages 347-351.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, Sudhir Kurl, Ari Voutilainen, Timo Mäkikallio & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2022) Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Inflammation, and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Middle-Aged Men. The American Journal of Cardiology 174, pages 166-171.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, Nzechukwu M. Isiozor & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2022) Objectively Assessed Cardiorespiratory Fitness and All-Cause Mortality Risk. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 97:6, pages 1054-1073.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Michael R. Whitehouse & Ashley W. Blom. (2021) Obesity paradox in joint replacement for osteoarthritis — truth or paradox?. GeroScience 44:2, pages 651-659.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae, Timo H. Mäkikallio & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Cardiorespiratory fitness does not offset the increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributed to smoking: a cohort study. European Journal of Epidemiology 37:4, pages 423-428.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2022) Attenuated Risk of Pneumonia Due to Inflammation by Frequent Sauna Baths. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 42:1, pages 59-63.
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O. S. Glazachev & S. Yu. Kryzhanovskaya. (2021) Searching for the Structural–Functional Trace of Cross-Adaptation Effects: Problems of Translational Physiology. Human Physiology 47:6, pages 700-707.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae, Timo H. Mäkikallio, Sudhir Kurl & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2021) High fitness levels offset the increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to low socioeconomic status: A cohort study. Respiratory Medicine 189, pages 106647.
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Rhonda P. Patrick & Teresa L. Johnson. (2021) Sauna use as a lifestyle practice to extend healthspan. Experimental Gerontology 154, pages 111509.
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Setor K. Kunutsor, Sae Young Jae & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2021) Impact of Sauna Bathing on Risk of Pneumonia in Men With Low Socioeconomic Status: A Cohort Study. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 41:4, pages 289-291.
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Zhongyou Li, Wentao Jiang, Yu Chen, Guanshi Wang, Fei Yan, Tao Zeng & Haidong Fan. (2021) Acute and short-term efficacy of sauna treatment on cardiovascular function: Ameta-analysis. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 20:2, pages 96-105.
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Setor K. Kunutsor & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2021) High fitness levels, frequent sauna bathing and risk of pneumonia in a cohort study: Are there potential implications for COVID‐19?. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 51:3.
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Tom Cullen, Neil D. Clarke, Mathew Hill, Campbell Menzies, Christopher J. A. Pugh, Charles J. Steward & C. Douglas Thake. (2020) The health benefits of passive heating and aerobic exercise: To what extent do the mechanisms overlap?. Journal of Applied Physiology 129:6, pages 1304-1309.
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Tanjaniina Laukkanen, Jukka Lipponen, Setor K. Kunutsor, Francesco Zaccardi, Claudio Gil S. Araújo, Timo H. Mäkikallio, Hassan Khan, Peter Willeit, Earric Lee, Sanna Poikonen, Mika Tarvainen & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2019) Recovery from sauna bathing favorably modulates cardiac autonomic nervous system. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 45, pages 190-197.
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Jari A. Laukkanen & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2019) Is sauna bathing protective of sudden cardiac death? A review of the evidence. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 62:3, pages 288-293.
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Anton JM Wagenmakers, Katie Hesketh, Sam O Shepherd, Juliette A Strauss, David A Low, Robert J Cooper & Matthew Cocks. (2019) Passive Heat Therapy in Sedentary Humans Improves Aerobic Capacity and Insulin Sensitivity via Increases in Skeletal Muscle Capillarisation and eNOS. The FASEB Journal 33:S1.
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Jem L. Cheng & Maureen J. MacDonald. (2019) Effect of heat stress on vascular outcomes in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 126:3, pages 771-781.
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Mike Tipton. (2018) Humans: A homeothermic animal that needs perturbation?. Experimental Physiology.
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Tanjaniina Laukkanen, Setor K. Kunutsor, Hassan Khan, Peter Willeit, Francesco Zaccardi & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2018) Sauna bathing is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and improves risk prediction in men and women: a prospective cohort study. BMC Medicine 16:1.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, Tanjaniina Laukkanen & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2018) Cardiovascular and Other Health Benefits of Sauna Bathing: A Review of the Evidence. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 93:8, pages 1111-1121.
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Silvia Castelletti & Paolo Emilio Adami. (2018) EuroPrevent 2018, cardiovascular prevention at its highest levels. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 25:11, pages 1127-1130.
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Ilkka Heinonen & Jari A. Laukkanen. (2018) Effects of heat and cold on health, with special reference to Finnish sauna bathing. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 314:5, pages R629-R638.
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Jari A. Laukkanen, Tanjaniina Laukkanen, Hassan Khan, Maira Babar & Setor K. Kunutsor. (2018) Combined Effect of Sauna Bathing and Cardiorespiratory Fitness on the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Deaths in Caucasian Men: A Long-term Prospective Cohort Study. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 60:6, pages 635-641.
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Joy Hussain & Marc Cohen. (2018) Clinical Effects of Regular Dry Sauna Bathing: A Systematic Review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018, pages 1-30.
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