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Journal of Dermatological Treatment Volume 11, 2000 - Issue 3
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Research Article

A double-blind, comparative, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of 4% hydroquinone as a depigmenting agent in melasma

SBP Ennes Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Mogi das CruzesSao Paulo, Brazil
,
RC Paschoalick Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Mogi das CruzesSao Paulo, Brazil
&
M Mota De Avelar Alchorne Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Mogi das CruzesSao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine of The Federal University of Sao Paulo-UNIFESP, Brazil
Pages 173-179 | Published online: 12 Jul 2009

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Sophia Hu, Melissa R. Laughter, Jaclyn B. Anderson & Mona Sadeghpour. (2022) Emerging topical therapies to treat pigmentary disorders: an evidence-based approach. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 33:4, pages 1931-1937.
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Jaime Piquero-Casals, Corinne Granger, Vanesa Piquero-Casals, Aurora Garre & Juan Francisco Mir-Bonafé. (2020) A Treatment Combination of Peels, Oral Antioxidants, and Topical Therapy for Refractory Melasma: A Report of 4 Cases. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology 13, pages 209-213.
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Essam-Elden Mohamed Mohamed, Abdel-Khalek Hassan Younes & Ghada Mohamed Hussein. (2020) Efficacy of 577 nm pro-yellow laser in the treatment of melasma: a prospective split-face study. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 22:2, pages 107-110.
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Enzo Berardesca, Marco Ardigò, Marta Berardesca & Norma Cameli. (2008) Melasma: current and future treatments. Expert Review of Dermatology 3:2, pages 187-193.
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Katherine Berry, Katherine Hallock & Charlene Lam. (2023) Photoaging and Topical Rejuvenation. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 50:3, pages 381-390.
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Dayoung Ko, Rebecca F. Wang, David Ozog, Henry W. Lim & Tasneem F. Mohammad. (2023) Disorders of hyperpigmentation. Part II. Review of management and treatment options for hyperpigmentation. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 88:2, pages 291-320.
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Nimra Khan, Sofia Ahmed, Muhammad Ali Sheraz, Zubair Anwar & Iqbal Ahmad. 2023. 167 210 .
Woraphong Manuskiatti, Chadakan Yan, Ma. Christina Banate Gulfan, Thanya Techapichetvanich & Rungsima Wanitphakdeedecha. (2022) Combination of a 755‐nm picosecond laser and hydroquinone 2% cream versus hydroquinone 2% cream alone for the treatment of melasma: A randomized, split‐face, and controlled trial. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 54:10, pages 1245-1250.
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Zuzanna Piętowska, Danuta Nowicka & Jacek C. Szepietowski. (2022) Understanding Melasma-How Can Pharmacology and Cosmetology Procedures and Prevention Help to Achieve Optimal Treatment Results? A Narrative Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:19, pages 12084.
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Vikram K. Mahajan, Anant Patil, Leszek Blicharz, Martin Kassir, Nellie Konnikov, Michael H. Gold, Mitchel P. Goldman, Hassan Galadari & Mohamad Goldust. (2022) Medical therapies for melasma. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 21:9, pages 3707-3728.
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Katherine Berry, Katherine Hallock & Charlene Lam. (2022) Photoaging and Topical Rejuvenation. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America 30:3, pages 291-300.
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Mason Jarius Tangau, Yie Kie Chong & Keng Yoon Yeong. (2022) Advances in cosmeceutical nanotechnology for hyperpigmentation treatment. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 24:8.
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Kourtney Pony & Kiyanna Williams. (2022) A Multimodal Approach to Melasma. Advances in Cosmetic Surgery 5:1, pages 1-8.
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Kanika Kamal, Kerry Heitmiller & Mitalee Christman. (2022) Lasers, lights, and compounds for melasma in aesthetics. Clinics in Dermatology 40:3, pages 249-255.
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Chingshubam BikashRashmi SarkarVineet RelhanSarika Singh. (2022) Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy as an Adjuvant in Treatment of Melasma. Dermatologic Surgery 48:4, pages 429-434.
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J. Yoo. (2021) Differential diagnosis and management of hyperpigmentation. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 47:2, pages 251-258.
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T. Searle, F. Al‐Niaimi & F. R. Ali. (2020) Hydroquinone: myths and reality. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 46:4, pages 636-640.
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Jennifer Nguyen, Laura Remyn, In Young Chung, Anthony Honigman, Shima Gourani‐Tehrani, Ilycia Wutami, Celestine Wong, Eldho Paul & Michelle Rodrigues. (2020) Evaluation of the efficacy of cysteamine cream compared to hydroquinone in the treatment of melasma: A randomised, double‐blinded trial. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 62:1.
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Shymaa Hatem, Nada M. El Hoffy, Reham S. Elezaby, Maha Nasr, Amany O. Kamel & Seham A. Elkheshen. (2020) Background and different treatment modalities for melasma: Conventional and nanotechnology-based approaches. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 60, pages 101984.
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Nahla Shihab, Joedo Prihartono, Andrea Tovar‐Garza, Triana Agustin, Lili Legiawati & Amit G Pandya. (2020) Randomised, controlled, double‐blind study of combination therapy of oral tranexamic acid and topical hydroquinone in the treatment of melasma. Australasian Journal of Dermatology 61:3, pages 237-242.
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Sameh S. M. Soliman, Rania Hamdy, Samia A. ElseginyTeclegiorgis GebremariamAlshaimaa M. Hamoda, Mohamed Madkour, Thenmozhi Venkatachalam, Mai N. Ershaid, Mohammad G. Mohammad, Georgios Chamilos & Ashraf S. Ibrahim. (2020) Selective inhibition of Rhizopus eumelanin biosynthesis by novel natural product scaffold-based designs caused significant inhibition of fungal pathogenesis . Biochemical Journal 477:13, pages 2489-2507.
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Jacqueline McKesey, Andrea Tovar-Garza & Amit G. Pandya. (2019) Melasma Treatment: An Evidence-Based Review. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 21:2, pages 173-225.
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Lan Feng, Nannan Shi, Shasha Cai, Xue Qiao, Peng Chu, Hui Wang, Feida Long, Huaixin Yang, Yongliang Yang, Yipeng Wang & Haining Yu. (2018) De Novo Molecular Design of a Novel Octapeptide That Inhibits In Vivo Melanogenesis and Has Great Transdermal Ability. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 61:15, pages 6846-6857.
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Harini R. BalaSenhong LeeCelestine WongAmit.G. PandyaMichelle Rodrigues. (2018) Oral Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Melasma: A Review. Dermatologic Surgery 44:6, pages 814-825.
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Mona Sadeghpour, Jeffrey S. Dover & Thomas E. Rohrer. (2018) Advances in the Treatment of Melasma. Advances in Cosmetic Surgery 1:1, pages 163-174.
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