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Original Article

Traditional non-alcoholic beverage, Togwa, in East Africa, produced from maize flour and germinated finger millet

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Pages 447-455 | Published online: 06 Jul 2009

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Priya, Rakesh Kumar Verma, Sarla Lakhawat, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Amel Gacem, Mohamed Abbas, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Hyun-Kyung Park, Byong-Hun Jeon & Sunidhi Mishra. (2023) Millets: sustainable treasure house of bioactive components. International Journal of Food Properties 26:1, pages 1822-1840.
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Articles from other publishers (38)

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Felicitas Pswarayi & Michael Gänzle. (2022) African cereal fermentations: A review on fermentation processes and microbial composition of non-alcoholic fermented cereal foods and beverages. International Journal of Food Microbiology 378, pages 109815.
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Fernanda Cosme, António Inês & Alice Vilela. (2022) Consumer’s acceptability and health consciousness of probiotic and prebiotic of non-dairy products. Food Research International 151, pages 110842.
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Vincent Hema, M. Ramaprabha, R. Saraswathi, P. N. Chakkaravarthy & V. R. Sinija. 2022. Handbook of Millets - Processing, Quality, and Nutrition Status. Handbook of Millets - Processing, Quality, and Nutrition Status 265 299 .
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Małgorzata Ziarno & Patrycja Cichońska. (2021) Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermentable Cereal- and Pseudocereal-Based Beverages. Microorganisms 9:12, pages 2532.
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Swati Mitharwal, Sachin Kumar & Komal Chauhan. (2021) Nutritional, polyphenolic composition and in vitro digestibility of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) with its potential food applications: A review. Food Bioscience 44, pages 101382.
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Mpho Edward Mashau, Lucy Lynn Maliwichi & Afam Israel Obiefuna Jideani. (2021) Non-Alcoholic Fermentation of Maize (Zea mays) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Fermentation 7:3, pages 158.
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M. C. Setta, A. Matemu & E. R. Mbega. (2020) Potential of probiotics from fermented cereal-based beverages in improving health of poor people in Africa. Journal of Food Science and Technology 57:11, pages 3935-3946.
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Maria Valentina Ignat, Liana Claudia Salanță, Oana Lelia Pop, Carmen Rodica Pop, Maria Tofană, Elena Mudura, Teodora Emilia Coldea, Andrei Borșa & Antonella Pasqualone. (2020) Current Functionality and Potential Improvements of Non-Alcoholic Fermented Cereal Beverages. Foods 9:8, pages 1031.
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Sydney Phiri, Sijmen E. Schoustra, Joost van den Heuvel, Eddy J. Smid, John Shindano & Anita R. Linnemann. (2020) How processing methods affect the microbial community composition in a cereal-based fermented beverage. LWT 128, pages 109451.
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Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu. (2019) A review on selection of fermentative microorganisms for functional foods and beverages: the production and future perspectives. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 54:8, pages 2511-2519.
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SUBHASHREE S. & KAVITA M.S.. (2019) A Study on Suitable Non Dairy Food Matrix for Probiotic Bacteria - A Systematic Review. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 7:1, pages 05-16.
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Prabhjot Kaur, Gargi Ghoshal & Uttam C. Banerjee. 2019. Preservatives and Preservation Approaches in Beverages. Preservatives and Preservation Approaches in Beverages 69 113 .
Rosane Freitas Schwan & Cíntia Lacerda Ramos. 2019. Functional and Medicinal Beverages. Functional and Medicinal Beverages 351 379 .
Ome Kalu Achi & Naomi U. Asamudo. 2019. Bioactive Molecules in Food. Bioactive Molecules in Food 1527 1558 .
Onyango Calvin & W. Wanjala George. (2018) Quality of porridge from sub-Saharan Africa evaluated using instrumental techniques and descriptive sensory lexicon. Part 2: Thin porridge. African Journal of Food Science 12:5, pages 104-114.
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Ome Kalu Achi & Naomi U Asamudo. 2017. Sweeteners. Sweeteners 1 32 .
Asma Gharbi Yahyaoui, Taroub Bouzaiene, Fathia Aouidi, Abdelkarim Aydi & Moktar Hamdi. (2017) Traditional Cereal Food as Container of Probiotic Bacteria “ Lb. rhamnosus GG”: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology . Journal of Food Quality 2017, pages 1-12.
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Z. Kohajdová. 2017. Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering. Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering 91 117 .
Rossana Coda, Marco Montemurro & Carlo G. Rizzello. 2017. Yogurt in Health and Disease Prevention. Yogurt in Health and Disease Prevention 183 201 .
Maurice Iwu. 2016. Food as Medicine. Food as Medicine 62 84 .
Ryosuke Kubo & Method Kilasara. (2016) Brewing Technique of Mbege, a Banana Beer Produced in Northeastern Tanzania. Beverages 2:3, pages 21.
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Amal Bakr Shori. (2016) Influence of food matrix on the viability of probiotic bacteria: A review based on dairy and non-dairy beverages. Food Bioscience 13, pages 1-8.
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Ryosuke Kubo. (2016) The reason for the preferential use of finger millet ( Eleusine coracana ) in eastern African brewing . Journal of the Institute of Brewing 122:1, pages 175-180.
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Smita Panda & Ramesh Ray. 2015. Fermented Foods, Part I. Fermented Foods, Part I 148 165 .
Tinna Austen Ng'ong'ola‐Manani, Hilde Marit Østlie, Agnes Mbachi Mwangwela & Trude Wicklund. (2014) Metabolite changes during natural and lactic acid bacteria fermentations in pastes of soybeans and soybean–maize blends. Food Science & Nutrition 2:6, pages 768-785.
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Alan J. Marsh, Colin Hill, R. Paul Ross & Paul D. Cotter. (2014) Fermented beverages with health-promoting potential: Past and future perspectives. Trends in Food Science & Technology 38:2, pages 113-124.
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Ryosuke Kubo. (2014) Production of indigenous alcoholic beverages in a rural village of Tanzania. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 120:2, pages 142-148.
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Ryosuke Kubo, Shinya Funakawa, Shigeru Araki & Naofumi Kitabatake. (2014) Production of indigenous alcoholic beverages in a rural village of Cameroon. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 120:2, pages 133-141.
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Tinna A. Ng'ong'ola‐Manani, Agnes M. Mwangwela, Reidar B. Schüller, Hilde M. Østlie & Trude Wicklund. (2013) Sensory evaluation and consumer acceptance of naturally and lactic acid bacteria‐fermented pastes of soybeans and soybean–maize blends. Food Science & Nutrition 2:2, pages 114-131.
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Jussi Loponen & Juhani Sibakov. 2013. Handbook on Sourdough Biotechnology. Handbook on Sourdough Biotechnology 265 278 .
Ayodele O. Kolawole, Joshua O. Ajele & Ravi Sirdeshmukh. (2011) Purification and characterization of alkaline-stable β-amylase in malted African finger millet (Eleusine coracana) seed. Process Biochemistry 46:11, pages 2178-2186.
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Jean-Pierre Guyot. 2010. Fermented Foods and Beverages of the World. Fermented Foods and Beverages of the World 247 261 .
E.H. Tou, C. Mouquet-Rivier, C. Picq, A.S. Traorè, S. Trèche & J.P. Guyot. (2007) Improving the nutritional quality of ben-saalga, a traditional fermented millet-based gruel, by co-fermenting millet with groundnut and modifying the processing method. LWT - Food Science and Technology 40:9, pages 1561-1569.
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E.H. Tou, C. Mouquet-Rivier, I. Rochette, A.S. Traoré, S. Trèche & J.P. Guyot. (2007) Effect of different process combinations on the fermentation kinetics, microflora and energy density of ben-saalga, a fermented gruel from Burkina Faso. Food Chemistry 100:3, pages 935-943.
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E.H. Tou, J.P. Guyot, C. Mouquet-Rivier, I. Rochette, E. Counil, A.S. Traoré & S. Trèche. (2006) Study through surveys and fermentation kinetics of the traditional processing of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) into ben-saalga, a fermented gruel from Burkina Faso. International Journal of Food Microbiology 106:1, pages 52-60.
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