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Research Article

Neurophysiological methods for the assessment of spasticity: The Hoffmann reflex, the tendon reflex, and the stretch reflex

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Pages 33-68 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009

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Read on this site (20)

Ranim Al Amin, Ahmed S. Ali, Ibtissam M. Saab & Rami L. Abbas. (2023) Immediate Neurophysiological effect of electrical stimulation via dry needling on H-reflex in post stroke spasticity. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 0:0, pages 1-9.
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Jacqueline Tibbett, Eva G. Widerström-Noga, Christine K. Thomas & Edelle C. Field-Fote. (2019) Impact of spasticity on transfers and activities of daily living in individuals with spinal cord injury. The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine 42:3, pages 318-327.
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Hojjat Radinmehr, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Gholamreza Olyaei & Azadeh Tabatabaei. (2017) Effects of one session radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy on post-stroke plantarflexor spasticity: a single-blind clinical trial. Disability and Rehabilitation 39:5, pages 483-490.
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Saleh M. Aloraini, Johan Gäverth, Ellen Yeung & Marilyn MacKay-Lyons. (2015) Assessment of spasticity after stroke using clinical measures: a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation 37:25, pages 2313-2323.
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Aurore Thibaut, Camille Chatelle, Erik Ziegler, Marie-Aurélie Bruno, Steven Laureys & Olivia Gosseries. (2013) Spasticity after stroke: Physiology, assessment and treatment. Brain Injury 27:10, pages 1093-1105.
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Guang-Xia Shi, Chun-Yan Yang, Meng-Meng Wu, Li-Ping Guan, Lin-Peng Wang & Cun-Zhi Liu. (2013) Muscle hypertonia after permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats: a qualitative and quantitative behavioral and electrophysiological study. International Journal of Neuroscience 123:8, pages 575-581.
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Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi, Scott Hasson, Maryam Rastgoo, Malek Amini & Bijan Forogh. (2013) Clinical assessment of ankle plantarflexor spasticity in adult patients after stroke: Inter-and intra-rater reliability of the Modified Tardieu Scale. Brain Injury 27:5, pages 605-612.
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Aynur Basaran, Ufuk Emre, Kiymet Ikbal Karadavut, Ozlem Balbaloglu & Nercivan Bulmus. (2012) Hand Splinting for Poststroke Spasticity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 19:4, pages 329-337.
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Chetan P. Phadke, Farooq Ismail & Chris Boulias. (2012) Assessing the neurophysiological effects of botulinum toxin treatment for adults with focal limb spasticity: a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation 34:2, pages 91-100.
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Aileen Ibuki, Timothy Bach, Douglas Rogers & Julie Bernhardt. (2010) An investigation of the neurophysiologic effect of tone-reducing AFOs on reflex excitability in subjects with spasticity following stroke while standing. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 34:2, pages 154-165.
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Aileen Ibuki, Timothy Bach, Douglas Rogers & Julie Bernhardt. (2010) The effect of tone-reducing orthotic devices on soleus muscle reflex excitability while standing in patients with spasticity following stroke. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 34:1, pages 46-57.
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Lisa Shaw & Helen Rodgers. (2009) Botulinum toxin type A for upper limb spasticity after stroke. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 9:12, pages 1713-1725.
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S.R. Freitas-Silva, R. Manhães-de-Castro & C. Pérot. (2008) Is the maturation of monosynaptic stretch reflex in rats affected by neonatal malnutrition?. Nutritional Neuroscience 11:5, pages 207-212.
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Soofia Naghdi, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Somayye Azarnia & Anoushiravan Kazemnejad. (2008) Interrater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) for patients with wrist flexor muscle spasticity. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 24:5, pages 372-379.
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G. E. Voerman, J. H. Burridge, R. A. Hitchcock & H. J. Hermens. (2007) Clinometric properties of a clinical spasticity measurement tool. Disability and Rehabilitation 29:24, pages 1870-1880.
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Marcus Pohl, Jan Mehrholz, Günter Rockstroh, Stefan Rückriem & Rainer Koch. (2007) Contractures and involuntary muscle overactivity in severe brain injury. Brain Injury 21:4, pages 421-432.
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