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Original Article: Clinical

Fludarabine and treosulfan: A novel modified myeloablative regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with effective antileukemia activity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes

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Pages 2352-2359 | Received 31 Jul 2007, Accepted 08 Sep 2007, Published online: 01 Jul 2009

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F. Bauer, B. Filipiak-Pittroff, A. Wawer, I. von Luettichau & S. Burdach. (2013) Escalating Topotecan in Combination with Treosulfan has Acceptable Toxicity in Advanced Pediatric Sarcomas. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 30:4, pages 263-272.
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Ariane Galaup & Angelo Paci. (2013) Pharmacology of dimethanesulfonate alkylating agents: busulfan and treosulfan. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 9:3, pages 333-347.
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Franciszek K Główka, Michał Romański & Jacek Wachowiak. (2010) High-dose treosulfan in conditioning prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 19:10, pages 1275-1295.
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Aravind Ramakrishnan & Brenda M Sandmaier. (2010) Optimizing reduced-intensity conditioning regimens for myeloproliferative neoplasms. Expert Review of Hematology 3:1, pages 23-33.
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Vicky Sender, Nicole Hofmeister-Mielke, Kathrin Sievert, Jens Peter Teifke, Heike Vogel, Joachim Baumgart, Uwe Pichlmeier, Mathias Freund, Jochen Casper & Daniel Wolff. (2009) Preclinical analysis of treosulfan in combination with total body irradiation as conditioning regimen prior to bone marrow transplantation in rats. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology 31:4, pages 595-600.
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Jeannine S McCune & Leona A Holmberg. (2009) Busulfan in hematopoietic stem cell transplant setting. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 5:8, pages 957-969.
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Mark H. Kirschbaum. (2007) Lessons of war: Progress in transplant conditioning regimens. Leukemia & Lymphoma 48:12, pages 2300-2301.
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Balaji Balakrishnan, Raveen Stephen Stallon Illangeswaran, Bharathi Murugan Rajamani, Arun Kumar Arunachalam, Aswin Anand Pai, Ezhilpavai Mohanan, Alok Srivastava, Vikram Mathews & Poonkuzhali Balasubramanian. (2023) Metformin pretreatment ameliorates busulfan-induced liver endothelial toxicity during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PLOS ONE 18:10, pages e0293311.
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Eleni Gavriilaki, Myriam Labopin, Ioanna Sakellari, Urpu Salmenniemi, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Victoria Potter, Ana Berceanu, Alessandro Rambaldi, Inken Hilgendorf, Nicolaus Kröger, Stephan Mielke, Tsila Zuckerman, Jaime Sanz, Alessandro Busca, Hakan Ozdogu, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Bipin Savani, Sebastian Giebel, Ali Bazarbachi, Alexandros Spyridonidis, Arnon Nagler & Mohamad Mohty. (2022) Comparative study of treosulfan plus Fludarabine (FT14) with busulfan plus Fludarabine (FB4) for acute myeloid leukemia in first or second complete remission: An analysis from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP). Bone Marrow Transplantation 57:12, pages 1803-1809.
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Krischan Braitsch, Alix Schwarz, Katrin Koch, Mara Hubbuch, Helge Menzel, Ulrich Keller, Katharina S. Götze, Florian Bassermann, Peter Herhaus & Mareike Verbeek. (2022) Conditioning with fludarabine and treosulfan compared to FLAMSA-RIC in allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myeloid malignancies: a retrospective single-center analysis. Annals of Hematology 101:6, pages 1311-1319.
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Ioanna Sakellari, Eleni Gavriilaki, Despina Mallouri, Ioannis Batsis, Christos Varelas, Sofia Tagara, Zoi Bousiou, Maria Papathanasiou, Anna Vardi, Apostolia Papalexandri, Chrysanthi Vadikoliou, Anastasia Athanasiadou, Chrysavgi Lalayanni, Asimina Fylaktou, Konstantinos Antoniadis & Achilles Anagnostopoulos. (2021) Survival Advantage of Treosulfan Plus Fludarabine Before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Older or Comorbid Patients With Myeloid Malignancies. Transplantation and Cellular Therapy 27:11, pages 916.e1-916.e6.
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Nico Gagelmann & Nicolaus Kröger. (2021) Dose intensity for conditioning in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: can we recommend “when and for whom” in 2021?. Haematologica 106:7, pages 1794-1804.
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Sheng Zhu, Gang Liu, Jing Liu, Qiuying Chen & Zhiqiang Wang. (2020) Long-Term Outcomes of Treosulfan- vs. Busulfan-Based Conditioning Regimen for Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Before Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Oncology 10.
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Isik Kaygusuz Atagunduz, Evgeny Klyuchnikov, Christine Wolschke, Dietlinde Janson, Silke Heidenreich, Maximilian Christopeit, Francis Ayuk & Nicolaus Kröger. (2020) Treosulfan-Based Conditioning Regimen for Second Allograft in Patients with Myelofibrosis. Cancers 12:11, pages 3098.
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Eileen Wedge, Henrik Sengeløv, Jakob Werner Hansen, Niels Smedegaard Andersen, Ida Schjødt, Søren Lykke Petersen, Brian Kornblit, Kirsten Grønbæk & Lone Smidstrup Friis. (2020) Improved Outcomes after Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Fludarabine/Treosulfan for Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 26:6, pages 1091-1098.
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Y S Jethava, S Sica, B Savani, F Socola, M Jagasia, M Mohty, A Nagler & A Bacigalupo. (2017) Conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants in acute myeloid leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation 52:11, pages 1504-1511.
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Avichai Shimoni, Luca Vago, Massimo Bernardi, Ronit Yerushalmi, Jacopo Peccatori, Raffaella Greco, Noga Shem‐Tov, Alessandro Lo Russo, Ivetta Danylesko, Arie Apel, Chiara Bonini, Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini, Arnon Nagler & Fabio Ciceri. (2017) Missing HLA C group 1 ligand in patients with AML and MDS is associated with reduced risk of relapse and better survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation with fludarabine and treosulfan reduced toxicity conditioning. American Journal of Hematology 92:10, pages 1011-1019.
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Udo Holtick, Marco Herling, Natali Pflug, Geothy Chakupurakal, Silke Leitzke, Dominik Wolf, Michael Hallek, Christof Scheid & Jens M. Chemnitz. (2016) Similar outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation with a modified FLAMSA conditioning protocol substituting 4 Gy TBI with treosulfan in an elderly population with high-risk AML. Annals of Hematology 96:3, pages 479-487.
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A Shimoni, N Shem-Tov, Y Volchek, I Danylesko, R Yerushalmi & A Nagler. (2012) Allo-SCT for AML and MDS with treosulfan compared with BU-based regimens: reduced toxicity vs reduced intensity. Bone Marrow Transplantation 47:10, pages 1274-1282.
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J Casper, J Holowiecki, R Trenschel, H Wandt, K Schaefer-Eckart, T Ruutu, L Volin, H Einsele, G Stuhler, L Uharek, I Blau, M Bornhaeuser, A R Zander, K Larsson, M Markiewicz, S Giebel, T Kruzel, H A Mylius, J Baumgart, U Pichlmeier, M Freund & D W Beelen. (2011) Allogeneic hematopoietic SCT in patients with AML following treosulfan/fludarabine conditioning. Bone Marrow Transplantation 47:9, pages 1171-1177.
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Mauricette Michallet, Mohamad Sobh, Noel Milpied, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Sabine Fürst, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Mohamad Mohty, Franck E. Nicolini, Hélène Labussière, Nathalie Tedone, Stéphane Morisset, Stéphane Vigouroux, Joachim Baumgart, Reza Tabrizi & Didier Blaise. (2012) Phase II prospective study of treosulfan-based reduced-intensity conditioning in allogeneic HSCT for hematological malignancies from 10/10 HLA-identical unrelated donor. Annals of Hematology 91:8, pages 1289-1297.
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Uotinen Heli, Juvonen Eeva, Nihtinen Anne, Ruutu Tapani & Volin Liisa. (2011) Low incidence and severity of oral mucositis in allogeneic stem cell transplantation after conditioning with treosulfan and fludarabine. European Journal of Haematology 88:1, pages 87-88.
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I Danylesko, A Shimoni & A Nagler. (2011) Treosulfan-based conditioning before hematopoietic SCT: more than a BU look-alike. Bone Marrow Transplantation 47:1, pages 5-14.
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Ulrike Bacher, Julie-An Talano & Michael R. Bishop. (2012) Monitoring and Prevention of Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Myeloid Malignancies. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 18:1, pages S62-S73.
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Jan Styczyński. (2011) Przeszczepianie komórek krwiotwórczych ze zredukowaną toksycznością i intensywnością kondycjonowania u dzieci: rola treosulfanu. Pediatria Polska 86:5, pages 523-531.
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I Hilgendorf, D Wolff, T Gromke, R Trenschel, A H Elmaagacli, U Pichlmeier, C Junghanss, M Freund, D W Beelen & J Casper. (2010) Retrospective analysis of treosulfan-based conditioning in comparison with standard conditioning in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Bone Marrow Transplantation 46:4, pages 502-509.
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S Naik, R Wong, S Arai, J Brown, G Laport, R Lowsky, D Miklos, J Shizuru, K Blume, R Negrin & L Johnston. (2010) Long-term outcomes in patients with high-risk myeloid malignancies following matched related donor hematopoietic cell transplantation with myeloablative conditioning of BU, etoposide and CY. Bone Marrow Transplantation 46:2, pages 192-199.
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