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Editorial

Angiotensin II reactivation and aldosterone escape phenomena in renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade: is oral renin inhibition the solution?

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Pages 529-535 | Published online: 22 Mar 2007

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David W Laight. (2009) Therapeutic inhibition of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 19:6, pages 753-759.
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Debargha Basuli, Rohan Umesh Parekh, Acacia White, Abdullah Thayyil & Srinivas Sriramula. (2022) Kinin B1 Receptor Mediates Renal Injury and Remodeling in Hypertension. Frontiers in Medicine 8.
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José Wilson N. Corrêa, Karoline R. Boaro, Letícia B. Sene, Juliano Z. Polidoro, Thiago A. Salles, Flavia L. Martins, Lusiane M. Bendhack & Adriana C. C. Girardi. (2021) Antiproteinuric and Hyperkalemic Mechanisms Activated by Dual Versus Single Blockade of the RAS in Renovascular Hypertensive Rats. Frontiers in Physiology 12.
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Iwona Baranowska, Olga Gawrys, Malwina M. Roszkowska-Chojecka, Bozena Badzynska, Dagmara Tymecka, Krzysztof H. Olszynski & Elzbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska. (2021) Chymase Dependent Pathway of Angiotensin II Generation and Rapeseed Derived Peptides for Antihypertensive Treatment of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Frontiers in Pharmacology 12.
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Fabrizio Pucci, Philippe Bogaerts & Marianne Rooman. (2020) Modeling the Molecular Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Renin-Angiotensin System. Viruses 12:12, pages 1367.
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Erdal Topparmak, Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük, Hikmet Koçak & Yıldız Öner-İyidoğan. (2020) Serum chymase levels in obese individuals: the relationship with inflammation and hypertension. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 45:3, pages 305-314.
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Vajir Malek, Sachin V. Suryavanshi, Nisha Sharma, Yogesh A. Kulkarni, Shrikant R. Mulay & Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad. 2021. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology 31 71 .
L. Lauder, S. Ewen, I. E. Emrich, M. Böhm & F. Mahfoud. (2019) Kardiovaskuläre Pharmakotherapie und koronare Revaskularisation bei terminaler NiereninsuffizienzCardiovascular pharmacotherapy and coronary revascularization in end-stage renal failure. Herz 44:7, pages 611-629.
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Urszula Tyrankiewicz, Agnieszka Kij, Tasnim Mohaissen, Mariola Olkowicz, Ryszard T. Smolenski & Stefan Chlopicki. 2019. Aldosterone-Mineralocorticoid Receptor - Cell Biology to Translational Medicine. Aldosterone-Mineralocorticoid Receptor - Cell Biology to Translational Medicine.
Johannes J. Kovarik, Christopher C. Kaltenecker, Chantal Kopecky, Oliver Domenig, Marlies Antlanger, Johannes Werzowa, Farsad Eskandary, Renate Kain, Marko Poglitsch, Sabine Schmaldienst, Georg A. Böhmig & Marcus D. Säemann. (2019) Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin-System Dysregulation after Kidney Transplantation. Scientific Reports 9:1.
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Yanhuan Feng, Rongshuang Huang, Janet Kavanagh, Lingzhi Li, Xiaoxi Zeng, Yi Li & Ping Fu. (2019) Efficacy and Safety of Dual Blockade of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 19:3, pages 259-286.
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Lan Wang, Chi Liu, Xiru Chen & Peng Li. (2019) Alamandine attenuates long‑term hypertension‑induced cardiac fibrosis independent of blood pressure. Molecular Medicine Reports.
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Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Paolo Balietti, Elisabetta Borioni, Francesca E. Lombardi, Maddalena Ricci, Guido Cocci, Laura Landi & Riccardo Sarzani. (2017) Plasma renin activity to plasma aldosterone concentration ratio correlates with night-time and pulse pressures in essential hypertensive patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/AT1 blockers. Journal of Hypertension 35:11, pages 2315-2322.
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Vajir Malek & Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad. (2017) Neprilysin inhibitors: A new hope to halt the diabetic cardiovascular and renal complications?. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 90, pages 752-759.
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Milton Packer & John J V McMurray. (2017) Importance of endogenous compensatory vasoactive peptides in broadening the effects of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system for the treatment of heart failure. The Lancet 389:10081, pages 1831-1840.
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Dong Ming, Liao Songyan, Chen Yawen, Zheng Na, Ma Jing, Xiao Zhaowen, Liu Ye, Ding Wa & Liu Jie. (2017) trans-Polydatin protects the mouse heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibition of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and Rho kinase (ROCK) activity. Food & Function 8:6, pages 2309-2321.
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Alexandru Burlacu & Adrian Covic. 2017. Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease. Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease 89 126 .
Anna Gromotowicz-Poplawska, Piotr Szoka, Patrycjusz Kolodziejczyk, Karol Kramkowski, Marzena Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz & Ewa Chabielska. (2016) New agents modulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system—Will there be a new therapeutic option?. Experimental Biology and Medicine 241:17, pages 1888-1899.
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Shahid Nadeem & Donald L. Batisky. (2013) Aliskiren, the first direct renin inhibitor: assessing a role in pediatric hypertension and kidney diseases. Pediatric Nephrology 29:11, pages 2105-2111.
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Ramapriya Sinnakirouchenan & Theodore A. Kotchen. (2014) Role of Sodium Restriction and Diuretic Therapy for “Resistant” Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease. Seminars in Nephrology 34:5, pages 514-519.
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Arnold B. AlperJr.Jr.. 2014. Diabetes and Kidney Disease. Diabetes and Kidney Disease 29 38 .
Henry Krum, Barrie Massie, William T. Abraham, Kenneth Dickstein, Lars Kober & John J.V. McMurray. (2014) Losing ALTITUDE? How should ASTRONAUT launch into ATMOSPHERE. European Journal of Heart Failure 15:11, pages 1205-1207.
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Joel M. Neutel & David H. G. Smith. (2013) Hypertension Management: Rationale for Triple Therapy Based on Mechanisms of Action. Cardiovascular Therapeutics 31:5, pages 251-258.
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Iveta Herichová, Dorota Šoltésová, Kristína Szántóová, Boris Mravec, Denisa Neupauerová, Anna Veselá & Michal Zeman. (2013) Effect of angiotensin II on rhythmic per2 expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and heart and daily rhythm of activity in Wistar rats. Regulatory Peptides 186, pages 49-56.
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Rania A Elrashidy, Mervat E Asker & Hoda E Mohamed. (2012) Beneficial effects of pioglitazone against cardiovascular injury are enhanced by combination with aliskiren in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 64:6, pages 862-871.
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J. David Spence. (2012) Lessons From Africa: The Importance of Measuring Plasma Renin and Aldosterone in Resistant Hypertension. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 28:3, pages 254-257.
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Nadja Grobe, Khalid M. Elased, David R. Cool & Mariana Morris. (2012) Mass spectrometry for the molecular imaging of angiotensin metabolism in kidney. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 302:8, pages E1016-E1024.
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Pantelis A Sarafidis & Luis M Ruilope. (2012) Cardiorenal disease development under chronic renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system suppression. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 13:1, pages 217-219.
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Anjay Rastogi, Mohamad Rashid & Richard F. Wright. (2011) Reducing Cardiorenal Risk Through Combination Therapy With a Direct Renin Inhibitor. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension 13:11, pages 848-855.
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Maya GuglinOlga Kristof-Kuteyeva, Irina Novotorova & Pravin Pratap. (2010) Aldosterone Antagonists in Heart Failure. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16:2, pages 150-159.
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Junichi Yatabe, Minoru Yoneda, Midori S. Yatabe, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Robin A. Felder, Pedro A. Jose & Hironobu Sanada. (2011) Angiotensin III Stimulates Aldosterone Secretion from Adrenal Gland Partially via Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor But Not Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor. Endocrinology 152:4, pages 1582-1588.
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Erin Elizabeth Kelland, Leanne Michelle McAuley & Guido Filler. (2010) Are we ready to use aliskiren in children?. Pediatric Nephrology 26:3, pages 473-477.
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Luis M. Ruilope. (2010) On the Need to Reissue Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Suppression in Chronic Kidney Disease. Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports 5:1, pages 5-6.
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Jian-Zhong Sun, Long-Hui Cao & Hong Liu. (2010) ACE inhibitors in cardiac surgery: current studies and controversies. Hypertension Research 34:1, pages 15-22.
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Marvin A. Konstam & Richard D. Patten. 2011. Heart Failure: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease. Heart Failure: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease 659 673 .
Daniel F. Catanzaro & William H. Frishman. (2010) Angiotensin Receptor Blockers for Management of Hypertension. Southern Medical Journal 103:7, pages 669-673.
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Carlos M. Ferrario. (2010) Addressing the theoretical and clinical advantages of combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system: Antihypertensive effects and benefits beyond BP control. Life Sciences 86:9-10, pages 289-299.
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Mordchai Ravid. (2009) Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Care 32:suppl_2, pages S410-S413.
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Gaurav Jain, Ruth C. Campbell & David G. Warnock. (2009) Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockers and Chronic Kidney Disease. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 4:10, pages 1685-1691.
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Michael J Ryan & Katherine R Tuttle. (2008) Elevations in serum creatinine with RAAS blockade: why isnʼt it a sign of kidney injury?. Current Opinion in Internal Medicine 7:6, pages 599-605.
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Michael J Ryan & Katherine R Tuttle. (2008) Elevations in serum creatinine with RAAS blockade: why isnʼt it a sign of kidney injury?. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 17:5, pages 443-449.
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Jan H Schefe, Christian Neumann, Matthias Goebel, Jan Danser, Sebastian Kirsch, Ronald Gust, Ulrich Kintscher, Thomas Unger & Heiko Funke-Kaiser. (2008) Prorenin engages the (pro)renin receptor like renin and both ligand activities are unopposed by aliskiren. Journal of Hypertension 26:9, pages 1787-1794.
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Y Hong, J Dingemanse & DE Mager. (2008) Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Renin Biomarkers in Subjects Treated With the Renin Inhibitor Aliskiren. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 84:1, pages 136-143.
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Jamal Ahmad. (2008) Renin–angiotensin system blockade in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2:2, pages 135-158.
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Hussam Abuissa & James O’Keefe. (2008) The role of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system-based therapy in diabetes prevention and cardiovascular and renal protection. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 0:0, pages 080520205432340-???.
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John M. C. Connell, Scott M. MacKenzie, E. Marie Freel, Robert Fraser & Eleanor Davies. (2008) A Lifetime of Aldosterone Excess: Long-Term Consequences of Altered Regulation of Aldosterone Production for Cardiovascular Function. Endocrine Reviews 29:2, pages 133-154.
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Andrew S Bomback & Philip J Klemmer. (2007) The incidence and implications of aldosterone breakthrough. Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology 3:9, pages 486-492.
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G.K. Aulakh, R.K. Sodhi & M. Singh. (2007) An update on non-peptide angiotensin receptor antagonists and related RAAS modulators. Life Sciences 81:8, pages 615-639.
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