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Causes of false-positive HIV rapid diagnostic test results

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Sharon M. Coleman, Natalia Gnatienko, Christine A. Lloyd-Travaglini, Michael R. Winter, Carly Bridden, Elena Blokhina, Dmitry Lioznov, Julian Adong, Jeffrey H. Samet, Teri Liegler & Judith A. Hahn. (2018) False-positive HIV diagnoses: lessons from Ugandan and Russian research cohorts. HIV Clinical Trials 19:1, pages 15-22.
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Matthew Bates & Alimuddin Zumla. (2016) The development, evaluation and performance of molecular diagnostics for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 16:3, pages 307-322.
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Articles from other publishers (58)

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Ramakrishna Prakash & Mysore Krishnamurthy Yashaswini. 2023. Future Opportunities and Tools for Emerging Challenges for HIV/AIDS Control. Future Opportunities and Tools for Emerging Challenges for HIV/AIDS Control.
Zain Aryanpour, Skye Opsteen, Olivia T. Van Gerwen, Christina A. Muzny & Sonya L. Heath. (2023) Why Wait? The Ethics of Disclosing HIV Screening Results. Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports 11, pages 232470962311712.
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Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Christian, Mbesse Thierry, Bobossi Christelle, Bokia-Baguida Coretha, Arthur Sombot Simplice, Esther Ontsira Ngoyi Nina, Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Hermione, Feissona Rosine & Gresenguet Gérard. (2021) Diagnostic value of two HIV rapid diagnostic tests 16 years after their adoption in national strategies in the Central African Republic (CAR). African Journal of Microbiology Research 15:11, pages 563-566.
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Avania Bangalee, Sachin Bhoora & Rivak Punchoo. (2021) Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults. South African Family Practice 63:1.
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David Barquín, Adolphe Ndarabu, Silvia Carlos, Mirian Fernández-Alonso, Marina Rubio-Garrido, Benit Makonda, África Holguín & Gabriel Reina. (2021) HIV-1 diagnosis using dried blood spots from patients in Kinshasa, DRC: a tool to detect misdiagnosis and achieve World Health Organization 2030 targets. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 111, pages 253-260.
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Robert A. Domaoal, Katrina Sleeman, Souleymane Sawadogo, Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Ndahafa Frans, Saara P. Shatumbu, Ligamena N. Kakoma, Terthu K. Shuumbwa, Mackenzie Hurlston Cox, Sally Stephens, Lydia Nisbet, Melissa Metz, Suzue Saito, Daniel B. Williams, Andrew C. Voetsch, Hetal K. Patel, Bharat S. Parekh & Yen T. Duong. (2021) Successful Use of Near Point-of-Care Early Infant Diagnosis in NAMPHIA to Improve Turnaround Times in a National Household Survey. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 87:1, pages S67-S72.
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Braden Hale, Judith Harbertson, Malewe Kolou, Steven Sevalie, Reginald Cole, Zoe Jenneh Parwon, Michele O. Merkel, Daniel Triplett, Che Wankie, Martin Adams, Stanley Ito, Margo Sloan, Dianoukwade Samtu, Amira Kaitibi, Mona Sankoh & Richard Shaffer. (2021) Reconfirming HIV serostatus in three West African Military ART clinics. Journal of Clinical Virology 141, pages 104898.
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Hélène Péré, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Serge Tonen-Wolyec, Isabelle Podglajen, David Veyer & Laurent Bélec. (2021) Analytical performances of five SARS-CoV-2 whole-blood finger-stick IgG-IgM combined antibody rapid tests. Journal of Virological Methods 290, pages 114067.
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Ralph‐Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Hélène Péré, Serge Tonen‐Wolyec, Jean De Dieu Longo, Sandrine Moussa, Francois‐Xavier Mbopi‐Keou, Christian Diamant Mossoro‐Kpinde, Gérard Grésenguet, David Veyer & Laurent Bélec. (2020) Unexpected high frequency of unspecific reactivities by testing pre‐epidemic blood specimens from Europe and Africa with SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG–IgM antibody rapid tests points to IgM as the Achilles heel. Journal of Medical Virology 93:4, pages 2196-2203.
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Josephine Keal, Ahmad H. Mazanderani, Nicola van Dongen, Gillian Sorour & Karl-Gunter Technau. (2021) False-positive rapid diagnostic tests in paediatric and obstetric patients in South Africa. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 22:1.
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Jew Ochola, Michelle Imbach, Leigh Anne Eller, Mark de Souza, Chiaka Nwoga, June Doryne Otieno, Lucas Otieno, Eric Rono, Edwin Kamau, Trevor A. Crowell, John Kevin Owuoth, Christina S. Polyak & Valentine Sing’oei. (2021) False reactive HIV-1 diagnostic test results in an individual from Kenya on multiple testing platforms-A case report. IDCases 23, pages e01035.
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Ângelo do Rosário Augusto, Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam, Luciana Kohatsu, Leonardo de Sousa, Cremildo Maueia, Christine Hara, Flora Mula, Gercio Cuamba, Imelda Chelene, Zainabo Langa, Nathaniel Lohman, Flavio Faife, Denise Giles, Acacio Jose Sabonete, Eduardo Samo Gudo, Ilesh Jani & Bharat S. Parekh. (2020) High level of HIV false positives using EIA-based algorithm in survey: Importance of confirmatory testing. PLOS ONE 15:10, pages e0239782.
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Ayesha J. Verrall, Vincent Seah, David C. Lye, Yee-Sin Leo & Sophia Archuleta. (2020) High specificity of OraQuick® rapid HIV-1/2 antibody testing during dengue infection. Journal of Clinical Virology 131, pages 104584.
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İbrahim KALE, Rahime BAYIK & Semra KAVAS. (2020) Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women: Six years of experience.Gebelerde Hepatit B, Hepatit C ve HIV Seroprevalansı; Altı yıllık deneyim. Türk Kadın Sağlığı ve Neonatoloji Dergisi 2:3, pages 89-95.
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Shumani Charlotte Manenzhe, Sizakele Pride Ngwenya & Sindisiwe Londiwe Shangase. (2020) The diagnostic accuracy of the HIV 1/2/subtype O Tri‐line rapid test compared with ELISA: A pilot study. Oral Diseases 26:S1, pages 161-164.
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Annelies Van Den Heuvel, Hilde Smet, Irena Prat, Anita Sands, Willy Urassa, Katrien Fransen & Tania Crucitti. (2019) Laboratory evaluation of four HIV/syphilis rapid diagnostic tests. BMC Infectious Diseases 19:1.
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Arielle Lasry, Mireille B. Kalou, Paul R. Young, Jacqueline Rurangirwa, Bharat Parekh & Stephanie Behel. (2019) Cost implications of HIV retesting for verification in Africa. PLOS ONE 14:7, pages e0218936.
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Jessica M. Stempel, Andres L. Mora Carpio, Daniel Puga & Sarah Perloff. (2019) False positive fourth generation HIV test in a patient with severe malaria. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 83, pages 86-87.
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Victoria Watson, Russell J Dacombe, Christopher Williams, Thomas Edwards, Emily R Adams, Cheryl C Johnson, Miriam N Mutseta, Elizabeth L Corbett, Frances M Cowan, Helen Ayles, Karin Hatzold, Peter MacPherson & Miriam Taegtmeyer. (2019) Re‐reading of OraQuick HIV ‐1/2 rapid antibody test results: quality assurance implications for HIV self‐testing programmes . Journal of the International AIDS Society 22:S1, pages e25234.
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Anne M Neilan, Jennifer E Cohn, Jean-Francois Lemaire, Emma Sacks, Rebecca Alban, Kenneth A Freedberg, Rochelle P Walensky & Andrea L Ciaranello. (2018) HIV Testing After a First Positive Rapid Diagnostic Test: A Role for Nucleic Acid Testing?. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5:8.
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Amy S Kravitz Del Solar, Bharat Parekh, Meaghan O'Keefe Douglas, Dianna Edgil, Joel Kuritsky & John Nkengasong. (2018) A Commitment to HIV Diagnostic Accuracy – a comment on “Towards more accurate HIV testing in sub‐Saharan Africa: a multi‐site evaluation of HIV RDT s and risk factors for false positives” and “ HIV misdiagnosis in sub‐Saharan Africa: a performance of diagnostic algorithms at six testing sites” . Journal of the International AIDS Society 21:8.
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Nazia Qureshi, Marjan Javanbakht, Martha Tadesse, Mark Malek & Garrett Cox. (2018) Risk-Based HIV Testing at Los Angeles County Men’s Central Jail. Journal of Correctional Health Care 24:3, pages 309-319.
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Shaocong Liang, Guihua Deng, Shaosong Zhou, Jing Zeng, Weiqing Tan & Xiaopeng Yuan. (2018) A retrospective analysis of the application of the Elecsys ® HIV combi PT assay in southern China . Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 32:3, pages e22287.
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Julie A. Denison, Virginia A. Fonner, Caitlin E. Kennedy & Michael D. Sweat. 2018. Encyclopedia of AIDS. Encyclopedia of AIDS 705 713 .
Theresa F. MadalineSarah E. HochmanKarl B. SeydelAlice LiombaAlex SaidiGrace MatebuleWenzhu B. MowreyBernadette O’HareDanny A. Milner Jr.Kami Kim. (2017) Rapid Diagnostic Testing of Hospitalized Malawian Children Reveals Opportunities for Improved HIV Diagnosis and Treatment. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 97:6, pages 1929-1935.
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Mohammad-Ali JenabianCecilia T. CostiniukPerrine TallaLeman RobinSerge Tonen WolyecRalph Sydney Mboumba BouassaLaurent Bélec. (2017) Potential for False-Positive Results with Serological Assays for HIV in Central Africa: Implications for the HIV Serodiagnosis Algorithm According to the 2015 Consolidated WHO Recommendations for Resource-Constrained Countries. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 33:11, pages 1077-1079.
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Cheryl C. Johnson, Shona Dalal, Rachel Baggaley & Miriam Taegtmeyer. (2017) A public health approach to addressing and preventing misdiagnosis in the scale-up of HIV rapid testing programmes. Journal of the International AIDS Society 20, pages 22190.
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Shaukat Khan, Emma Mafara, Munyaradzi Pasipamire, Donna Spiegelman, Sikhathele Mazibuko, Nombuso Ntshalintshali, Anita Hettema, Charlotte Lejeune, Fiona Walsh & Velephi Okello. (2017) Identification of misdiagnosed HIV clients in an Early Access to ART for All implementation study in Swaziland. Journal of the International AIDS Society 20, pages 21756.
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Cheryl C. Johnson, Virginia Fonner, Anita Sands, Nathan Ford, Carla Mahklouf Obermeyer, Sharon Tsui, Vincent Wong & Rachel Baggaley. (2017) To err is human, to correct is public health: a systematic review examining poor quality testing and misdiagnosis of HIV status. Journal of the International AIDS Society 20, pages 21755.
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Tendesayi Kufa, Tim Lane, Albert Manyuchi, Beverley Singh, Zachary Isdahl, Thomas Osmand, Mike Grasso, Helen Struthers, James McIntyre, Zawadi Chipeta & Adrian Puren. (2017) The accuracy of HIV rapid testing in integrated bio-behavioral surveys of men who have sex with men across 5 Provinces in South Africa. Medicine 96:28, pages e7391.
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